Cordless Combo Kits | Air Compressor

3/8" AIR DRILL

2011-10-25T08:04:00.001-07:00

3/8" AIR DRILL WITH KEYLESS CHUCK

Specifications:
3/8" AIR DRILL WITH KEYLESS CHUCK
Model ST-4430 (3/8" AIR DRILL)
Model ST-4430C (3/8" AIR DRILL W/ KEYLESS CHUCK)

Drilling Cap: 3/8"
Free speed: 1,800 RPM
Air consumption: 170 l/min. (6 CFM)
Working air pressure: 6.5 kg/cm3 (90 PSI)
Net weight: 0.9 kg (2.0 lbs)
Overall length: 7" (180mm)
Air inlet: 1/4" PT
Air hose(I.D): 3/8"

Finish sanding refined

2011-08-16T09:59:00.000-07:00

When it comes to large surface sanding, bigger is better. The LEX 2 185/7 is big all over; big pad, big stroke, big power, and big on longevity. The compressed air family of sanders are our longest lasting sanders with vane motors and few wear parts. At the end of the day, that adds up to a lot of dust. Thankfully, the CT 33 dust extractor (with the Festool-designed compressed air tool system), the Jetstream pad, and the IAS 2 hose can capture the dust and contain it. We would be happy to assist you with your air sanding needs using the Festool air sanders and dust extractor system. Please call our 800 number on the front page for pricing and a model overview of all 3 air sanders available from Festool.

Tool Parts Online

2011-07-02T20:21:00.000-07:00

Werkzeug-Ersatzteile mit Schematics

Wir haben versucht, es einfach zu bedienendes Werkzeug, um Teile. Wählen Sie einfach eines der wichtigsten Werkzeug Marken, die wir tragen Teile für unten. Dann wählen Sie eines der Tools schematische Gruppen, die Liste der Tool Schaltpläne, für die wir Ersatzteile aufgelistet sehen. Neben der Explosionszeichnung finden Sie eine Stückliste für das ausgewählte Werkzeug.
AccuSet Parts / Schematics	Apach Parts / Schematics	Biesemeyer Parts / Schematics
Black and Decker Parts / Schematics	Bosch Parts / Schematics	Stanley-Bostitch Parts / Schematics
Campbell Hausfeld Parts / Schematics	Delta Parts / Schematics	DeVilbiss Air Power Parts / Schematics
DeWALT Parts / Schematics	Dremel Parts / Schematics	Duo-Fast Parts / Schematics
Emglo Parts / Schematics	Fein Parts / Schematics	Flex Parts / Schematics
Grip-Rite Parts / Schematics	Hitachi Parts / Schematics	Ingersoll Rand Parts / Schematics
Makita Parts / Schematics	Max Parts / Schematics	Metabo Parts / Schematics
Milwaukee Parts / Schematics	MTD Parts / Schematics	Panasonic Parts / Schematics
Paslode Parts / Schematics	Porter Cable Parts / Schematics	Quik Drive Parts / Schematics
Ramset Parts / Schematics	Ridgid Parts / Schematics	Rockwell Parts / Schematics
Rol-Air Parts / Schematics	Ryobi Parts / Schematics	Senco Parts / Schematics
Skil Parts / Schematics	SpotNails Parts / Schematics	Tanaka Parts / Schematics

Category: Air Tools

2011-07-01T23:51:00.000-07:00

Category: Air Tools
        Air Compressors:- Quincy Compressor Reciprocating Air Compressor - 5 HP, 230 Volt Single Phase, Model# 2V41C60VC
        Air Compressors:All Power America APC4028 5 Gallon 3.5 Peak HP Aluminum Twin Tank Compressor
        Air Compressors:All-Power America APC4406 Quietzone 1.5 HP Air Compressor with Aluminum Tank Free Shipping
        Air Compressors:Alton AT01101 2-Gallon Hotdog Oil-Free Air Compressor On Sale
        Air Compressors:Alton AT01204-6 6-Gallon Hotdog Oil-Lube Air Compressor
        Air Compressors:Alton AT01205-11 11-Gallon Horizontal Oil-Lube Air Compressor
        Air Compressors:Bonaire Portable 120 Volt Air Compressor
        Air Compressors:Bosch CET4-20W 4-Gallon 2-HP Wheeled Twin Angled Tank Air Compressor
        Air Compressors:Bostitch CAP2000P-OF 6-Gallon 2.0 Peak HP Oil-Free Compressor
        Air Compressors:Bostitch CWC200ST Factory Reconditoned Air Compressor
        Air Compressors:Briggs & Stratton 74001 4 Gallon Twinstack Compressor
        Air Compressors:Briggs & Stratton Serious-Duty 4-Gallon Twin Stack Air Compressor - 74007
        Air Compressors:Campbell Hausfeld FP2048 2-Gallon Air Compressor and 8-Piece Accessory Kit Free Shipping
        Air Compressors:Campbell Hausfeld FP209499 3-Gallon Air Compressor
        Air Compressors:Campbell Hausfeld VH6111 15 Amp 3 Horsepower 60 Gallon Oiled Stationary Vertical Compressor
        Air Compressors:Campbell Hausfeld VT6271 26 Gallon ASME Oil-Lubricated 240V Horizontal Air Compressor
        Air Compressors:Campbell Hausfeld VT6275 15 Amp 3.2-Horsepower 60-Gallon Oiled Vertical Compressor
        Air Compressors:Campbell Hausfeld WL6501 13 Gallon ASME Horizontal Air Compressor
        Air Compressors:Craftsman 3 gal. Air Compressor, 1 hp, Tank
        Air Compressors:Custom Accessories 12 Volt Air Compressor Kit (59052) [Misc.] On Sale
        Air Compressors:DEWALT D55140 1-Gallon 135 PSI Max Trim Compressor
        Air Compressors:DEWALT D55141 8 Amp 1/2-Horsepower 2-Gallon Oil-Free Single Hot Dog Compressor
        Air Compressors:DEWALT D55146 4-1/2-Gallon 200-PSI Hand Carry Compressor with Wheels
        Air Compressors:DEWALT D55151 14 Amp 2-1/2-HP 4-Gallon Oiled Twin Hot Dog Compressor
        Air Compressors:DEWALT D55152 15 Amp 2-3/4-Horsepower 4-Gallon Oiled Twin Hot Dog Compressor On Sale
        Air Compressors:DEWALT D55371 1.6 Hp Continuous, 175 PSI, 7.5 Gallon Compressor with Dual Voltage and Dual Control
        Air Compressors:DEWALT D55684 196CC 6.5 Hp, 150 PSI, 10.5 Gallon Compressor with Roll Cage On Sale
        Air Compressors:ETQ DA011E-3 7HP Diesel Air Compressor With Electric Start
        Air Compressors:Factory-Reconditioned Campbell Hausfeld HM700000RB 8-Gallon Vertical Air Compressor
        Air Compressors:Factory-Reconditioned DEWALT D55146R Heavy Duty 4.5 Gallon Compressor with Wheels
        Air Compressors:Factory-Reconditioned DEWALT D55168R Heavy Duty 15 Gallon Heavy Duty Wheeled Portable Workshop Compressor
        Air Compressors:Factory-Reconditioned Porter-Cable C2002R Oil-Free UMC Pancake Compressor On Sale
        Air Compressors:GMC SYCLONE 4610 Ultra Quiet & Oil-Free Air Compressor with 15 Piece Air Tool Accessory Kit
        Air Compressors:Grip-Rite GR152CM 1.5HP 2 Gallon Twin Tank Compressor
        Air Compressors:Hitachi EC89 4 Gallon Twin Stack Air Compressor
        Air Compressors:Hyundai HPC6060 6-Gallon Air Compressor Kit Free Shipping
        Air Compressors:Industrial Air IL1682066 20-Gallon Belt Driven Air Compressor with V-Twin Cylinder On Sale
        Air Compressors:Industrial Air IL1982713 27-Gallon Belt Driven Air Compressor Free Shipping
        Air Compressors:Industrial Air IP1682066 20-Gallon Belt Driven Air Compressor On Sale
        Air Compressors:Industrial Air IV5248069 80-Gallon Vertical Air Compressor, 2-Stage
        Air Compressors:Ingersoll Rand 3-HP 60-Gallon Single-Stage Air Compressor - SS3L3
        Air Compressors:Ingersoll Rand Garage Mate 20-Gallon (Belt Drive) Cast-Iron Air Compressor - P1.5IU-AP
        Air Compressors:Ingersoll-Rand Garage Mate - 2 HP, 5.5 CFM, Model# P1.5IU-A9 Free Shipping
        Air Compressors:Ingersoll-Rand SS3F2-GM Garage Mate 15 Amp 2 Horsepower 30 Gallon Oiled Wheeled Single Hot Dog Compressor
        Air Compressors:Ingersoll-Rand SS3J2-WB 15 Amp/ 14.7 Amp 2 Horsepower 8 Gallon Oiled Twin Pontoon Compressor with Dual Voltage 115/230-Volts
        Air Compressors:New Medical Noiseless & Oil Less Dental Air Compressor
        Air Compressors:Powermate PL1582709 27-Gallon Invector Air Compressor
        Air Compressors:Powermate PLA3706056 60-Gallon Belt Driven Vertical Air Compressor
        Air Compressors:Powermate PP1982012 20-Gallon Direct Drive Air Compressor Free Shipping

Bosch Tools Service Center Locator

2011-07-01T23:19:00.000-07:00

bosch tool parts canada

Service Center Locator

Bosch Tools offers a number of locations throughout the US and Canada where you can have your tool serviced. In the U.S. you can send your tool to the appropriate Bosch National Repair Center below.
To locate a local Bosch Service Center, click on the correct product group icon below, enter your U.S. Zip or Canada Postal Code and experience the industry's most responsive and reliable service.

Bosch National Repair Centers
Power Tools – Electric or Cordless Construction Air Tools - Nailers & Electric only Compressors	Measuring Tools – Survey & Optical Laser Layout Tools Detection and Locator Tools
Bosch Factory Service Center 173 Lawrence 428 Dock #2 Walnut Ridge, AR 72476 800-346-4103View Map	Bosch Factory Service Center 255 W. Fleming Street Watseka, IL 60970 View Map
For Gasoline Compressor repair, click on icon labeled Compressors, Gasoline.

Need A Product Serviced Outside of the U.S. or Canada?

Click here for locations outside the U.S. and Canada. http://www.boschtools.com/Service/ServiceCenterLocator/Documents/Non%20US%20Locations.pdf

How to find the nearest Bosch Service location:

1. Select appropriate product group below that your tool aligns with
2. Enter a zip/postal code or address
3. Select a Search Radius between 5 and 100 miles and click Enter

Cordless Combo Kits

2011-05-27T19:20:00.000-07:00

Milwaukee 0928-29 M28 4 Piece Combo Kit 28 Volt Cordless Lithium Ion Kit

Milwaukee 0928-29 M28 4 Piece Combo Kit 28 Volt Cordless Lithium Ion Kit
Includes

   * 0726 28 Volt 1/2 in. Hammer-Drill
   * 0719 28 Volt Sawzall Reciprocating Saw
   * 0730 6-1/2 in. Circular Saw
   * 49-24-0185 Work Light
   * No. 2 Phillips Bit
   * Two Sawzall Blades
   * Circular Saw Blade
   * Rip Fence
   * (2) 28V LITHIUM-ION Batteries - 48-11-2830
   * 1 Hour Charger - 48-59-2819
   * Contractor Bag





Features
The 0928-29 is the ultimate combo kit for those who demand extreme power, superior performance and the longest running cordless tools. The 0928-29 features the revolutionary 28 Volt LITHIUM-ION battery pack exclusively from Milwaukee. The 28 Volt battery pack is the ideal solution for heavy duty cutting, drilling and driving needs.
The Milwaukee 0726 28 Volt 1/2 in. Hammer-Drill uses the Milwaukee built high power motor to develop an enormous 750 in. lbs. of maximum torque and 0-600/0-1800 rpm. The 0726 comes standard with a 1/2 in. all-metal, single-sleeve, ratcheting chuck with all carbide jaws that keeps bits from falling out and drill bits from slipping. A comfortable non-slip, soft-grip handle reduces vibration and fatigue.
The 0719 28 Volt Sawzall Reciprocating Saw produces an amazing amount of cutting power. The variable speed trigger provides two levels of speed range: 0-2000 and 0-3000 strokes per minute. The 0719 also features a 1-1/8 in. stroke length, QUIK-LOK blade clamp, patented gear protecting clutch, and keyless shoe adjustment.
The 0730 6-1/2 in. Circular Saw has the most power of any cordless circular saw, enough to cut over 300 2 x 4's on a single charge! The 0730 has a left-side blade for increased cut-line visibility, 4200 rpm for extremely fast cutting, 50 bevel capacity and all-metal blade guards.
The 49-24-0185 Work Light features a high intensity Xenon bulb, is Clip-Lok System compatible and delivers over 5-hours of run-time on a single battery.
Milwaukee 0928-29 M28 4 Piece Combo Kit With Contractor Bag Features

    * Revolutionary 28 Volt LITHIUM-ION Technology
    * 1/2" Hammer Drill delivers 750 in-lbs. of torque
    * Sawzall Recip Saw with 1-1/8 in. stroke length
    * 6-1/2 in. Circular Saw cuts 2 x 4's at 45

Milwaukee 0928-29 M28 Combo Kit Specifications
Voltage    28 DC
No of Tools    4
Bag/Case Type    Contractor Bag
No of Batteries Included    2
Shipping Weight    35.4 lbs.

Heavy Duty Air Impact

2011-05-10T08:28:00.000-07:00

Heavy Duty Air Impact Wrench RB-1985 Description:

RB-1985
Square drive:1"
Free Speed: 3000RPM
Max Torque: 4600N-M
Air lnlet:1/2"NPT
Length:25"/635mm
Net Weight: 41.8lbs/19KG
Pin-less mechanism for longer tool life.
Build-in reverse lever and 3-position power regulator
Composed with durable and heavy duty material components.
Removable side handle provides excellent control with comforts.
Ideal for high volume repair works on trucks, tyres and heavy equipment

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
ProductName:Heavy Duty Air Impact Wrench
Model No:Heavy Duty Air Impact Wrench RB-1985
Product Origin:China
Brand Name:ShanDian Pneumatic Tools

Milton Air Filter Regulator with Metal Bowl — 1/2in. NPT Inlet, Model 1108

2011-04-30T07:53:00.000-07:00

"The product was used on a multi -air hose system application for a professional car shop and has performed as stated with no complications. I would recommend this product to anyone with need of a filter on air hose compressors."

What is your level of technical expertise? Professional

Factory-assembled 1/2in. NPT FR duo air filter regulator has 0–160 PSI gauge with metal bowl and a 5–125 PSI regulator. Automatic overnight drain. U.S.A.

What is the throughput of the filter and regulator (SFCM)? : The filter regular is rated for up to 100 CFM and 160 PSI.

will this work with a 160# compresser? : Yes, this unit is designed to handle input pressure of up to 160 PSI.

Does this contain a placable filter element? : Yes, this item does include a replaceable filter element.

GP-150CSR Composite Air Hammer (3700bpm, Round Shank)

2011-04-30T05:58:00.000-07:00

GP-150CSR
Composite Air Hammer (3700bpm, Round Shank)

Description

Composite Air Hammer (3700bpm, Round Shank)
Composite Air Hammer (3700bpm, Round Shank)
Specifications Features
Round Shank, Low Vibration
Piston Stroke : 50 mm
Stroke Speed : 3,700 bpm
Net Weight : 1.36 kg
Length : 189 mm
Air Cons. : 0.20 m3/min
Air Inlet : 1/4"
Hose Size : 10 mm
Sound Pressur : 100 dBA
Air Pressure : 90 psi
Vibration : 2.5 m/S2
Packing: 10 pcs/1.7 cu.ft/G:18 kgs

Air Tool, Air Tools, Pneumatic Tool, Pneumatic Tools >> Air Hammer >> Composite Air Hammer (Low Vibration)

Air Tools

2011-04-29T21:34:00.000-07:00

Compressor, air tools allow you to perform a wide variety of jobs. Even with limited access to power, pneumatic tools can complete many tough tasks. Our wide selection of air tools include blowguns, brad nailers, caulking guns, chipping tools, coil nailers, corrugated fastening tools, cutting tools, drills, finish nailers, grease guns, grinding tools, hammers, impact wrenches and drivers, palm nailers, polishers, punches, ratchets, sanders, screwdrivers, spraying tools, texture spray guns, staple guns, stick nailers and T nailers. If you need it, we got it.

VOTRE INVITATION AU SALON LA SEMAINE DU BATIMENT => VOUS PERMETTANT AUSSI D INVITER D AUTRES PERSONNES (CI-JOINTES)

2011-04-22T10:00:00.001-07:00

Cliquez ici pour vous désabonner

Madame, Monsieur,

Nous vous faisons parvenir, ci-joint, votre invitation au salon "LA SEMAINE DU BATIMENT" qui se tiendra du Jeudi 12 au Dimanche 15 Mai 2011 à Casablanca au Centre des Expositions de l Office des Changes - Route d El Jadida.

Lien pour accéder au salon : www.google.com/mapmaker?ll=33.544448,-7.649483&spn=0.002946,0.004667&t=h&z=18

Ouverture du salon : De 10H à 19H

Aussi, vous pourriez inviter d autres personnes en leur envoyant cette invitation.

Veuillez croire, Madame, Monsieur, à nos salutations les plus respectueuses.

LE DIRECTEUR GÉNÉRAL

Redouane BARGACH

Tél : 05.22.86.22.24
Fax : 05.22.86.40.47
GSM : 06.61.21.83.94
Email : proxedit@proxedit.com

Air are you a hydraulics renegade?

2011-04-12T06:40:00.001-07:00

April 12, 2011

'Inside Hydraulics' Newsletter
http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com

Issue 103

IN THIS ISSUE

1.	Air, you, a hydraulics renegade?
2.	How to tell if you or your hydraulic equipment is sick
3.	Which hydraulic oil?
4.	Content for your web site or e-zine
5.	Help us spread the word
6.	Tell us what you think

1.	Air, you, a hydraulics renegade?

If you've been hanging around me for a while you're probably familiar with my story. If not, here's the haiku or cut-down version: 20 years ago I was unemployed, broke and circling the drain. Then, through luck more than good judgement, I got a job working in a hydraulics shop. The work was interesting and I made it my business to learn everything I could as fast as I could. In short, I found my 'groove' - in hydraulics.

Two decades later, I'm still working in hydraulics. But on my terms. I work where I want, when I want and for whom I chose. In this and many other respects, I don't conform to industry convention. And I guess this makes me somewhat of a renegade.

I know some reading this will think: "That's fine for you Brendan, BUT..."

Two points: first, as Zig Ziglar once said, "Whether you think you can or think you can't, you're right."

Second, you don't have to do what I do. And if you look around, you'll find hydraulics renegades - doing what they do their way, on their terms, everywhere. Here's a good example courtesy of long-time member, Rick Sosnowski:

"A friend on mine worked for the local sawmill. Nobody paid much attention to him because he was and is a quiet kind of guy. Every year he would take a course on a different subject because he enjoyed learning. Most of the time the subject would be related to his work. After a problem showed up, and all the other mechanics had a go at it, he would solve it. The only thanks he got was management would leave him alone.

The sawmill had a hydraulic machine for feeding it logs. One day it broke down and nobody could fix it, so the decision was made to replace either the swing motor or the pump. I forget now which. Anyway, it cost 14 thousand dollars for the part. But there was no change in the problem. After three days of testing pressures and swinging spanners with no result, management told my friend to have a look at it.

This machine had two shuttle valves on the swing, I believe, and after looking at how it worked he came to the conclusion that the problem would be in one of them. The first valve he opened up was missing a snap ring. He installed a 75 cent snap ring and half an hour later the machine was working just fine.

In this case, lack of knowledge and imagination cost the company 14 thousand for the part, plus wages and lost production time. All it took was a guy who took a hydraulics course on his holidays and a 75 cent snap ring to fix it. The company could have paid for training all their mechanics with money left over.

Afterwards, there was a change in management. They threw away my friend's preventive maintenance program and got rid of half the mechanics to save money. And they started to tell my friend how and when to do his job. He just took his tools home and went to work elsewhere. Within six months most of the machines were broken down and they were paying dealers big money to keep things going. Not long after that the sawmill was dismantled and sold because it was no longer profitable.

Is this how you find the value of one man who knows what he's doing? (My friend is now enjoying his retirement while half the management team are still looking for work)."

Air, it's not arrogance if you're right. And it is OK to be a proverbial square peg in a world full of round holes. So hone your hydraulics chops. And be a renegade if you want to.

The Nice Things People Say ...

"The knowledge I've gained from this information has been so valuable it has earned me a raise!" Find out more ...

Jack Bergstrom
Heavy Equipment Mechanic
Sharpe Equipment

2.	How to tell if you or your hydraulic equipment is sick

My son Benjamin had glandular fever last year. He was quite sick and missed a month of school. At the height of the fever his temperature was 39C for 4 days straight. I know this because his very concerned mother was monitoring his temperature constantly. If you have children of your own you can imagine the relief on day 5 when his temperature finally started to go down.

When you think about it, it's really handy that our body temperature is a quick and effective indicator of general health. These days you (or somebody else) can stick an electronic gizmo in your ear, press a button and get an instant indication that everything is normal - or not.

And so we humans have something in common with hydraulic equipment: monitoring temperature is a quick and effective method of detecting abnormalities, as one of our members explains:

"Something I started doing a couple of years ago is taking and recording operating temperatures with a good quality heat gun. I just recently purchased 75 of them and handed them out to most of the guys running our machines. We are logging temperatures at meal breaks so we have a good baseline to work from. I find this intelligence to be very helpful when the operator calls in with a problem. My goal is for the operators to start using this information for themselves as they take the readings. Hopefully by doing this they will gain a better understanding of the machinery they operate."

This is a smart, proactive maintenance strategy for a couple of reasons. Heat, or more precisely, too much of it, is public enemy #1 of any hydraulic system. And like all other contaminants of the oil, heat does most of its damage silently, without the operator being aware of it.

Too much heat cooks the oil and seals, accelerates aging of hoses and worst of all, results in loss of viscosity and therefore, lubrication. So early warning of an overheating problem can save a bucketful of money.

But perhaps the real stroke of genius with this member's strategy is that it involves the machine's operator. And a switched-on operator can prevent a lot of costly damage - or further damage - when things do go wrong. So any exercise which sharpens up the operator and increases his awareness of the machine he's operating can be extremely valuable - to the bottom line.

And logging operating oil temperature is a very effective condition-monitoring technique. Because whenever oil moves from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure without doing useful work, heat is generated. In other words, internal leakage creates heat. And so an abnormal increase in internal leakage will show up as abnormal heat-load and therefore, abnormal operating temperature.

So if you don't already own a heat gun, a.k.a. infrared thermometer, and know how to use it, you should fix this ASAP.

"This book has the potential to save many organizations lots of money. It should be on the bookshelf of every engineer, supervisor, planner and technician who deals with hydraulic equipment... it's worth its weight in gold." Find out more

Alexander (Sandy) Dunn
Plant Maintenance Resource Center

3.	Which hydraulic oil?

If you only ever do ONE thing to ensure the reliability and service life of a hydraulic machine, making sure it's got the right oil in the tank should be it. In this 20-page report and accompanying 34-minute video, titled: "How to select the correct hydraulic oil for your machine - OR how to make sure the oil you are currently using is the right one!", I show you how to get this right - step-by-step. Find out more

4.	Content for your web site or e-zine

Need some fresh content for your web site or e-zine? You now have permission to reprint these 'Inside Hydraulics' articles on your web site or in your e-zine, provided:

1. Each article is printed in its full form with no changes.

2. You send an e-mail to editor@hydraulicsupermarket.com to advise us where you'll be publishing them.

3. You include the following acknowledgement at the end of each article:
About the Author: Brendan Casey has more than 20 years experience in the maintenance, repair and overhaul of mobile and industrial hydraulic equipment. For more information on reducing the operating cost and increasing the uptime of your hydraulic equipment, visit his web site: http://www.HydraulicSupermarket.com

5.	Help us spread the word

If you've found our 'Inside Hydraulics' newsletter interesting and informative, then chances are you have a colleague who would too. Help spread the word about 'Inside Hydraulics' by forwarding this issue to a colleague. If they share your interest in hydraulics, then they will surely appreciate being told about this newsletter.

New subscribers can get the newsletter by completing the form at http://www.insidersecretstohydraulics.com

6.	Tell us what you think

We would love to hear what you think of this issue of our 'Inside Hydraulics' newsletter. And of course, if you have any suggestions for future issues, please send us those too.

Just e-mail the editor at: newslettersuggestions@hydraulicsupermarket.com

To subscribe to this newsletter, go to:
http://www.insidersecretstohydraulics.com

This issue was sent to the following e-mail address:
abelkefa.tools@blogger.com

Air, true or April Fool?

2011-03-31T21:17:00.001-07:00

Since today is April Fools Day Air, here's a couple of trick questions to test and entertain you:

A small shrimp-like animal has a 'hammer'. It uses this hammer to break the shells of the crustaceans it eats. But the hammer does not exert enough force to break the shell on its own. So it creates a small air bubble on the end of its hammer. When the hammer hits the crustacean's shell this air bubble implodes and breaks the shell.

True or April Fool?

Leonardo da Vinci, the genius painter, sculptor, scientist and inventor urged his fellow scientists to "go straight to nature" in the search for knowledge and understanding.

Taking Leonardo's advice, if you wish to understand why cavitation eats away the innards of hydraulic components, look no further than the cavitating shrimp. If a tiny shrimp can use an imploding gas bubble to destroy the otherwise impenetrable defenses of its prey, it's little wonder gas bubbles which implode under high pressure in a hydraulic system can erode case-hardened steel and even softer yellow metals.

The cavitating shrimp is TRUE. As seen on the Discovery Channel.

The cylinder in the circuit shown below is drifting. In an effort to isolate the problem, the technician has installed ball valves 1 and 2. When both these ball valves are closed, the cylinder stops drifting. This proves to the technician that the cylinder's piston seal is not leaking and therefore he should replace the directional control valve.

True or April Fool?

This conclusion assumes if the piston seal was leaking, the piston rod would continue to drift with the ball valves closed. But with ball valves 1 and 2 closed, the cylinder's piston seal could be missing completely and the cylinder would still NOT drift. So it is wrong to conclude the piston seal is not leaking.

The technician is an APRIL FOOL.

To understand why, watch this 8-minute video

Yours for better hydraulics knowledge,

Brendan Casey

Air, have you come across this before?

2011-03-15T06:16:00.001-07:00

Air,

A couple of years ago I compiled and edited
a long list of 'Cardinal Sins' of hydraulics,
which were sent to me by our members.

Sylvain Roy from Red Deer in Canada,
sent in this classic, must-not-do:

>Using a piloted-operated check valve
as a motion control valve, or
a counterbalance valve as a load-holding valve.

Yup, they're different 'tools' for different jobs.

And when the rule is broken, this is the typical result:

"We installed a pilot-operated check valve
for load-holding purposes. Extension of the cylinder
is smooth and load holding also good. But when retracting
the cylinder (during pilot-line opening of the check valve)
there is a huge shake in the system."

This is not an uncommon mistake.

So I recorded a 3-minute video which explains
WHY pilot-operated check valves shudder
when used in this situation.

Watch it here:

http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/po-check-shudder

Yours for better hydraulics knowledge,

Brendan Casey

==========

If you no longer wish to receive the valuable guidance
provided by the 'Inside Hydraulics' newsletter
and associated mailings, point your browser to this page:
https://hydraulics.infusionsoft.com/opt?o=2&i=123560&s=18660666&e=c893403f

HydraulicSupermarket.com
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PO Box 1029
West Perth, Western Australia 6872
Australia
6 (189) 380-6659

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Air, threat or opportunity?

2011-03-05T22:40:00.001-08:00

Air,

A couple of months ago, I was flying home
from a business trip and happened to be seated
next to the national sales manager for
Eaton/Vickers Hydraulics.

During the course of our conversation I learnt
that Eaton now has over 300 engineers at their
facility in Pune, India. And this facility is
rapidly becoming Eaton's global technical center.

My initial reaction to this was "WOW", but
upon reflection this is not surprising at all.
It's totally consistent with the current
decay of engineering in the western world.

According to a report in the
International Fluid Power Society newsletter:

- Less than 6 percent of high school seniors in the US
plan to pursue engineering degrees.
This is down 36 percent from ten years ago.

- In 2000, 56 percent of China's undergraduate degrees
were in the hard sciences.
In the US the figure was 17 percent.

- In 2007, China produced six times more engineers
than the US. While Japan, with half the population of
the USA, has produced double the engineers in recent years.

- If these trends continue, 90 percent of the world's engineers
will be living in Asia by the end of 2012.

It gets worse when it comes to hydraulics.
The same study found 95 percent of all mechanical engineering
grads in the US have not been exposed to hydraulics.

And the situation is similar in most other parts of the world,
at both degree AND trade level.

So is this a threat or an opportunity?

I say it's both. If you're someone who hires
hydraulics expertise - it's gonna get harder to find.
And the law of supply and demand suggests
you'll pay more for it.

If you're a mechanic, fitter, technician or engineer
it's an opportunity:

Pursue hydraulics as a specialization and you'll have
as much work and as many job options as you can handle.

But how DO you get an education in hydraulics?
The same way most of us have.

When asked how they acquired their hydraulics knowledge,
61 percent of respondents to a survey published in
'Hydraulics and Pneumatics' magazine
indicated it was through self-directed learning.

And 'Hydraulics Made Easy' was designed
with self-directed learning in mind:

http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/made-easy

Remember, the knowledge you'll acquire from this information
will make you extremely valuable in the market place -
because of its scarcity.

So get it today, while it's on special.

Yours for better hydraulics knowledge,

Brendan Casey

=========

HydraulicSupermarket.com
1195 Hay St
PO Box 1029
West Perth, Western Australia 6872
Australia
6 (189) 380-6659

Delivered By Infusionsoft

Eagle Industries 1793K Pneumatic Drill/Driver Kit - Torque 7 ft-lb

2011-03-04T21:38:00.000-08:00

Features

1/4" quick change chuck
Exclusive reversible trigger
Handle exhaust

In The Box

27 assorted screwdriver bits
5 drill bits
6 driver sockets
tool
case

Specifications

Additional Information

Manufacturer's SKU	1793K
Manufacturer	Eagle Industries
Shipping Weight	3.0000
Condition	New
Manufacturers Warranty	1 Year
Return Policy	Unopened Only, 30 Days
Addl Specs	Air Inlet: 1/4" Air Usage: 16 CFM Drive Size: 1/4" QC Length: 8" RPM: 600 Sound Level: 87 dB Torque Output: 7 ft-lb Vibration: <2.5 m/s2 Weight: 2.7 lbs.

Air, are you a duck-hunter?

2011-02-19T22:12:00.001-08:00

Air,

One of our newsletter readers, who works for a large
construction equipment dealer, wrote to me recently
with the following observation:

"Our dealership employs nearly 200 service technicians -
98 percent of which work in the field. The NUMBER ONE and I do
mean NUMBER ONE problem even our seasoned service techs
have, is they lack the fundamentals of elementary hydraulics.
They tend to use what I call the 'duck hunter' approach in
resolving machine problems (shot in the dark approach)".

This problem is not unique to our reader's organization.

It's widely accepted by those within the industry that
there is a widespread lack of hydraulics know-how
among personnel working with hydraulic equipment.
And it seems the story is the same everywhere in the world.

As my colleague went on to point out, the only way to make
the transition from 'duck hunter' to competence is to
acquire knowledge.

Imagine the satisfaction of being THE guy your boss
depends on to fix all hydraulic problems.

You approach complex hydraulic machines with confidence,
safe in the knowledge that you know exactly what you're doing.

And you're acknowledged by your workmates as the guy
to go to for help with problems THEY can't figure out.

Air, if you want to stand out from the crowd
as someone who HAS hydraulics know-how
and take advantage its scarcity
to get more pay, more opportunites or more business,
make a commitment to start acquiring and furthering
your knowledge today.

I'm considered an expert in this field by many.
But I can tell you this level of understanding is no more
beyond your reach than it was mine. In fact, Earl Nightingale
once suggested you can become an expert in just about
anything by dedcating one hour a day for as little
as a year to no more than three.

But how does one learn? Research has shown we assimilate
and retain information in different ways. However, there's more
to knowledge than simply being exposed to information.

What I'm referring to here is knowledge retention. It seems
our ability to retain knowledge has a lot to do with the method
of learning. Research has shown we retain 80 percent of
what we discover ourselves.

This is why my preferred method of knowledge acquisition
is through self-directed learning with the aid of
text, illustrations and videos.

Another reason I prefer this method of learning, is it
involves the accumulation of information
that can be easily referred to over and over.

To some extent, this process negates the need for retention.
I don't know about you, but when it comes to a large and complex
subject like hydraulics, I don't have enough gray matter to
retain it ALL in my head!

So to further YOUR hydraulics know-how
in a way that aids retention AND reinforces it,
you can't go past 'Hydraulics Made Easy'.

It combines conventional text and illustrations
with cutting-edge simulation videos - to not only
facilitate and enhance your undestanding,
but to also make it FUN!

http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/made-easy

Check it out today.

Yours for better hydraulics knowledge,

Brendan Casey

=========

HydraulicSupermarket.com
1195 Hay St
PO Box 1029
West Perth, Western Australia 6872
Australia
6 (189) 380-6659

Delivered By Infusionsoft

Air, the little leaks that keep men poor

2011-02-16T06:00:00.001-08:00

Hello Air,

It never ceases to AMAZE me how much dinero
some hydraulic equipment users leave on the table.

Here's a few examples:

1. A maintenance manager at an open-cut mine,
complaining about how much his mine was spending on
hydraulic filters for their fleet of 600-ton shovels.

Each shovel has six return filter elements
costing 2,500 buxs each and they're changed every 2,000 hours.
Because these machines work at least 6,000 hours per year
his mine was spending over a quarter of a million
annually - just on return filters.

In an effort to reduce this cost
he was trying to source "a cheaper filter".

When I asked him why he was changing the filters
every 2,000 hours, he said: "Because that's what
the equipment manufacturer recommends."

Well, he now changes these filters 'on condition'
NOT on hours in service.

And the resultant saving? Five figures per year.

2. The maintenance supervisor for a packaging manufacturer
grudgingly tolerating recurring failure of a high-priced
radial piston pump.

After asking him a few questions, I was able to uncover
a major flaw in the way the pump had been configured.

The resultant saving? Four figures per year.

3. A mobile plant manger with hydraulic machines suffering
chronic overheating problems - hose and seal failures,
oil degradation and lubrication issues.

Turns out the cause of the overheating (and its fix)
is not what you'd first think.

The resultant saving? Six figures per year.

In case you're interested - and if you've read this far
you should be - the solutions to these and many
similar hydraulic maintenance issues will be revealed
during the Advanced Hydraulic Maintenance Workshop
I'm teaching in Las Vegas, USA on March 26:

http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/vegas2011

Attendance is a no-brainer for the right candidate.

BUT don't think you have to be an equipment OWNER
to benefit from this knowledge.

The last time I presented this Workshop in Cleveland, Ohio,
one student walked up to me and announced he was going to
use what he'd learnt to get a raise.

When I asked him how he planned to go about this,
he replied:

"Simple really. I'm going to:
* apply your techniques,
* track the results,
* show my boss how much money I've saved him
* AND THEN ask for MY RAISE."

This made perfect sense to me.
Because its the SAME system I use
to make a six-figure consulting income,
working from home only one day a week.

And I'm teaching it in Vegas for what will
likely be the LAST time.

So if you want in on this, be quick:

http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/vegas2011

Yours for better hydraulics knowledge,

Brendan Casey
HydraulicSupermarket.com

==========

HydraulicSupermarket.com
1195 Hay St
PO Box 1029
West Perth, Western Australia 6872
Australia
6 (189) 380-6659

Delivered By Infusionsoft

New Paslode Fuel + Nails Adapter

2011-02-11T19:01:00.000-08:00

“Until now, the Fuel + Nail Combo Pack would work only with our new cordless framing nailer, the CF325,” said Steve Golich, Marketing Manager for Paslode. “Today we are including a backward compatible adapter with each Fuel + Nail Combo Pack so that contractors using older versions of our tools can benefit from the convenience of the Fuel + Nail Combo Pack and the performance of the PowerBoost™ nail.”

For you dudes using older versions of the Paslode cordless framing nailer, it is as easy as twisting off the top on the fuel cell and twisting on the adapter. The new PowerBoost™ Black Tip Coating on these nails also has better performance at higher altitudes, like here at home in Colorado. Typically, combustion-type framing nailers here have had drivability issues due to the lack of oxygen. These nails finally allow remodelers and builders in high altitude markets to benefit from the freedom of cordless framing nailers without the hassle of hoses and compressors.

The new PowerBoost™ nails feature paper tape collation which reduces scrap and eliminates flying debris. Plus, they are full head nails that offer maximum holding power, helping professionals comply with building codes where a round head nail is specified.

Fuel + Nail Combo Packs come in two sizes: 1,000 nails with one Quicklode™ fuel cell and one adapter, or 3,000 nails with three Quickload™ fuel cells and three adapters. A Paslode fuel powered cordless framing nailer coupled with the new framing nails with

PowerBoost™ Black Tip Coating gives you the power of a pneumatic with the freedom of a cordless tool.

Paslode's Cordless Roofing Nailer CR175C

2011-02-11T18:58:00.000-08:00

Cordless Roofing Nailer CR173C. Over the years, a cordless roofing nailer topped the wish-list of Paslode’s customers. The big problem was advancing the nails so Paslode came up with a proprietary design that allows the exhaust gases to handle this. Paslode’s cordless roofing nailer is a great tool for roof repairs, doing vents, dormers, etc. When I first introduced my brother Joe, owner of American Builders in Buffalo, NY to Paslode’s cordless framing nailer CF325, he said liked it and would probably use it “once in awhile”. A year later, he’s informed me that he barely pulls out his compressor anymore, he loves his cordless Paslode nailer so much. I’m sure he’ll love Paslode’s new cordless roofing nailer CR175C just as much.

Paslode’s cordless roofing nailer CR175C is just as easy and convenient to use as their cordless framing nailer CF325. The CR175C roofer drives two nails per second and holds 120 nails per coil. Like other fuel powered cordless tools, the Paslode roofing nailer drives nails sequentially by pushing the tool down and then pulling the trigger. It is faster than hand nailing and is perfect for a wide range of roof-related remodeling jobs, including roofing dormers and small additions, installing skylights, or working on garages and storage buildings.

More work than you can handle?

2011-02-08T06:53:00.001-08:00

Air,

A study conducted by the NOHSC
covering the 4-year period between 1989 and 1992
found that deaths caused by hydraulics accidents totalled 43
(that's almost 1 fatality per month!).

And this figure represented 3.5%
of all workplace deaths
during the same period.

The report concluded that:
> a lack of understanding of hydraulics; and
> a lack of technical information about hydraulic systems and components
were recurring, contributory causes.

Despite this finding and the apparent disproportionate number
of workplace deaths attributable to hydraulics,
in my home state today, there are 16 occupations
which have a statutory requirement
for the practitioner to be licensed.

None of these 16 licensed occupations
are in the hydraulics field.

The business community has a natural resistance
to government interference and regulation,
and not without good reason.

At the same time, governments don't typically regulate
unless they believe (rightly or wrongly) that
they have a compelling reason for doing so.

And I wouldn't like to second guess what would
compel government to regulate the hydraulics industry.
But I don't see this happening anytime soon.

Which means the key to competence: training
is and will remain V-O-L-U-N-T-A-R-Y
for the foreseeable future.

And accident prevention is just one of several pay-offs
which accrue from hydraulics know-how.

For businesses that use hydraulic equipment,
knowledge converts to meaningful cost reduction.

According to Jose Reyes, one of our members from Mexico,
12 months after conducting training for all employees
who work on hydraulic equipment,
operating costs are down by 30%.

For individuals who are exposed to hydraulic equipment at work,
hydraulics know-how opens doors - to opportunity. As this story,
courtesy of Rick Sosnowski from Canada, illustrates:

"My knowledge of hydraulics gave me steady income all summer
even though I was hired as a welder by a bridge building company.

First thing that happened was the crane truck sprung a leak.
I just happened to have the parts and tools so I fixed it.
A few days later the crane truck broke down
with the boom blocking the Trans Canada Highway.
They were in deep do-do.

I live about three minutes away so they called me.
I found the problem in a few minutes (check the easy things first!).
Then their excavator was giving them problems. I fixed that too.
Then the second crane truck broke down and so on.

Each time they paid me a full days pay at my contract welding rate
and added three hours on the day the highway was blocked.
Not bad for twenty minutes work.

My point is that even if you don't work on hydraulics fulltime
it's good to know because they will keep you happy just to have you around.
I didn't ask for the extra money. They just gave it to me.

And even though I was hired as a welder,
it was my hydraulics knowledge
that paid off all my bills.

These days it takes me five minutes
just to put my work boots on
and they still swamp me with work.
I never look for a job."

Air, for so long as there's no legal framework
to make hydraulics know-how compulsory,
the rewards will flow to those who are shrewd enough
to step forward and raise their hand:

http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/made-easy

Yours for better hydraulics knowledge,

Brendan Casey

=========

If you no longer wish to receive the valuable guidance
provided by the 'Inside Hydraulics' newsletter
and associated mailings, point your browser to this page:

https://hydraulics.infusionsoft.com/rem/x493e0///

HydraulicSupermarket.com
1195 Hay St
PO Box 1029
West Perth, Western Australia 6872
Australia
6 (189) 380-6659

Air are your fitlers clicking?

2011-01-11T08:58:00.001-08:00

January 11, 2011

'Inside Hydraulics' Newsletter
http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com

Issue 102

IN THIS ISSUE

1.	What's your game plan, Air?
2.	What to do if your hydraulic filters are clicking
3.	Calling all hydraulic equipment owners and users
4.	Content for your web site or e-zine
5.	Help us spread the word
6.	Tell us what you think

1.	What's your game plan, Air?

By the time you get this, Happy New Year is late, most people's midnight resolutions broken and forgotten and everything has returned to the default setting we call the status quo.

But I wish you a 'Happy New Year' anyway.

In his classic book Think and Grow Rich, Napoleon Hill wrote: "Anything the mind of a man can conceive and believe, it can achieve."

Conception requires suspension of belief about limits and compromises. Belief requires development of a plan. But there's one thing Hill neglected to mention: implementation; action and follow-through. So he might better have said: "Anything a man can conceive, believe and act on, can be achieved." Because without action, conception and belief are useless.

In other words it's not enough to think "I want it all now - but I don't want to learn more, grow more, do more, invest more." That's just not realistic. And explains why most people's New Year's resolutions are broken and forgotten long before the year gets anything like old.

Oh, and there's another reason too. Looking at my own 'to-do' list for 2011, nearly all of 'em involve deliberate excursion from my status quo; that which is familiar and comfortable to me. These goals are the most challenging - if only because of the 'head demons' (we all have those) which must be conquered in order to achieve them.

But if you're not constantly thinking about and working towards staying at the top of your game, you're likely going backwards. And this should be all the motivation we need.

And staying at the top of our game requires continuous learning; acquiring more knowledge and skill - to increase the value we bring to the marketplace (something we work on here, month to month). It's a strategy that's worked well for me over the years and one that's going to be especially important in 2011.

The Nice Things People Say ...

"The knowledge I've gained from this information has been so valuable it has earned me a raise!" Find out more ...

Jack Bergstrom
Heavy Equipment Mechanic
Sharpe Equipment

2.	What to do if your hydraulic filters are clicking

Based on my experience at least, electrostatic discharge in hydraulic systems is not a widespread problem. But for reasons I'll explain in a moment, it may be on the increase. So it's definitely something you need to be aware of.

As you probably remember from school science experiments, electrostatic charge is generated whenever there is friction between two bodies moving relative to each other. No real surprise then, that electrostatic charge generation occurs in hydraulic systems as a result of friction between the fluid and system components.

A common symptom of electrostatic discharge in a hydraulic system is an audible clicking noise as charge repeatedly increases and then discharges to a surface of lower voltage through sparking. And this often occurs in a filter - resulting in burn marks and other damage to the filter element.

While you may yet to have come across a clicking filter assembly, there are a couple of reasons why this problem may become more prevalent in the future. The first is a growing trend towards the use of hydraulic oils with non-metallic additives. Hydraulic oils with zinc-based anti-wear additives have relatively high conductivity.

Oils with good conductivity assist the dissipation of electrostatic charge as it moves around the system. Studies have shown that hydraulic oils with zinc-based, anti-wear additives rarely accumulate enough charge for harmful discharge to occur.

Synthetic hydraulic oils and those with non-metallic anti-wear additives on the other hand, have much lower conductivity. This increases the potential for electrostatic charge accumulation and therefore, the likelihood of discharge.

The second reason the incidence of electrostatic discharge may be on the increase, is the change in materials used to manufacture filter elements. Filter elements are being made so they are more easily disposed of in an environmentally acceptable way. This has led to the increased use of non-metallic materials in filter element construction and designs where the metal core is part of the housing and not the element. The combined effect of these changes has been to lower the conductivity and increase the capacitance of filter elements.

That said, this is not a problem that's being ignored by filter manufacturers. All are aware of the issue, and most are researching the problem and developing ways to minimize or eliminate it.

But what can you do if you come across an instance of electrostatic discharge in the meantime?

Well, while grounding of the hydraulic system reservoir, piping and filter housings prevents arcing to nearby conductors, it does not prevent electrostatic charging of the fluid or filter media, nor does it accelerate the decay of the charge.

However, the charge generated in filter elements can be reduced by increasing filter size. This reduces flow density through the filter and therefore the amount of charge generated.

And increasing the volume of oil in the system, by increasing tank size for example, extends the time between successive charge generations and also increases the available time for the charge to decay. Another good reason for hydraulic system designers not to be stingy about tank size.

Alexander (Sandy) Dunn
Plant Maintenance Resource Center

3.	Calling all hydraulic equipment owners and users

If you've been hanging around me for a while Air, you'll be acutely aware that hydraulic equipment, no matter how well designed, does NOT take care of itself. Even a relatively well designed (from a maintenance and reliability perspective) hydraulic machine will suffer from reliability issues if left to its own devices over time.

This means optimal, bottom-line reliability outcomes require a certain level of knowledge - which gets more sophisticated as the machinery does - and selective intervention (key word here is: selective).

Fact is, a LOT of hydraulic equipment users leave a LOT of nickel on the table when it comes to their machine operating costs. If you wanna make certain you're NOT, then get yourself to Las Vegas USA, this coming March for my one-day, one-time only Advanced Hydraulic Maintenance Workshop. Go to this page now for all the details.

4.	Content for your web site or e-zine

Need some fresh content for your web site or e-zine? You now have permission to reprint these 'Inside Hydraulics' articles on your web site or in your e-zine, provided:

1. Each article is printed in its full form with no changes.

2. You send an e-mail to editor@hydraulicsupermarket.com to advise us where you'll be publishing them.

5.	Help us spread the word

New subscribers can get the newsletter by completing the form at http://www.insidersecretstohydraulics.com

6.	Tell us what you think

We would love to hear what you think of this issue of our 'Inside Hydraulics' newsletter. And of course, if you have any suggestions for future issues, please send us those too.

Just e-mail the editor at: newslettersuggestions@hydraulicsupermarket.com

To subscribe to this newsletter, go to:
http://www.insidersecretstohydraulics.com

This issue was sent to the following e-mail address:
abelkefa.tools@blogger.com

Air, will your hydraulic equipment let you down in 2011?

2010-12-31T22:20:00.001-08:00

Happy New Year Air,

If you're like me, you're probably starting to think about
what lies in store for you this year.

So here's a question for you:

Will your hydraulic equipment let you down in 2011?

Maybe. You see, just like all other mechanical equipment,
your hydraulics can give trouble at any time.
And when it does, you need the right expertise.

Problem is ...

Good help is hard to find.

But now YOU CAN have a hydraulics expert at your beck and call -
24 hours a day, 7 days a week, 365 days a year - and for peanuts.
His name is Peter Rohner. And he's a hydraulics engineer with
42 years of experience. Experience that can SAVE you a bundle.

Take, as an example, seal failure in hydraulic cylinders.
Do you know up to 25 percent of cylinder rod-seal failures
are caused by bent rods?

There are a few basic reasons why cylinder rods bend.
Peter Rohner shows you how to determine
the underlying cause and the ways to correct it
on pages 58 and 59 of his hydraulics book.

During his 26 years as a University lecturer, thousands of people
gained from Rohner's knowledge. And through his books on
hydraulics, pneumatics and PLCs, tens of thousands more
have profited from his expertise. You will too.

Now in its fourth edition and with 28,214 copies in print,
Rohner's hydraulics book is possibly THE most popular
hydraulics manual on the planet.

AND it's full of practical information every
hydraulic equipment owner ought to know ...
that most mechanics DON'T.

So make a New Years resolution
to appoint Peter Rohner as your hydraulics advisor
and get a copy of his hydraulics book today.

It could turn out to be the most valuable resolution you make.

http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/rohner.html

Yours for better hydraulics knowledge,

Brendan Casey

=========

HydraulicSupermarket.com
1195 Hay St
PO Box 1029
West Perth, Western Australia 6872
Australia
6 (189) 380-6659

Delivered By Infusionsoft

Air two very valuable pieces of paper

2010-12-14T06:04:00.000-08:00

December 14, 2010

'Inside Hydraulics' Newsletter
http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com

Issue 101

IN THIS ISSUE

1.	Be your own Santa
2.	What is a picture really worth?
3.	Another piece of paper you shouldn't be without
4.	Content for your web site or e-zine
5.	Help us spread the word
6.	Tell us what you think

1.	Be your own Santa

Last weekend I bumped into Santa at a shopping mall and was reminded of a Santa Claus story crafted by Glenn Turner, which I first came across a couple of years ago, and told by him much more elegantly than I will summarize here:

A boy from a very poor family, who each year asks Santa for whatever his cousin (from a very well off family) asks for. One year a pony; the cousin gets a pony, the boy gets hand-me-down clothes.

The next year thinking he is erring in his approach, the boy carefully copies his cousin's letter to Santa word for word, politely asking for a bicycle. His cousin gets a bike; the boy gets hand-me-down clothes.

In response to this great disappointment the boy goes out behind the barn, with tear-filled eyes but with a rage-closed fist raised to the sky and says, "OK Santa, if that's the way you want to play it!" and then sets about being his own Santa Claus.

This is of course a success parable and hopefully its meaning is obvious: far too many people childishly rely on others to give, to appoint, to authorize, to promote, to grant permission, to set their life's agenda for them. Comparatively few accept full and total responsibility to be their own Santa and grant their own requests.

Fact is, there isn't any fat guy in a red suit coming down your chimney to bring you that new boat you've been lusting after, or that fat retirement account that'll guarantee your security.

But acknowledgement of this grim reality is empowering - just like it was for the boy in the above story.

So it's in this context that my wish for you in 2011 is that you 'write your own ticket', Air. Make no small plans, no big compromises. Set, pursue and achieve a lot of goals. Resist mediocrity and ignore less creative or ambitious peoples' criticisms or disapproval.

And thank you for your continued support, interest and creation of value for yourself, your company and your family from my work here and elsewhere. I am motivated by it and appreciative of it.

Happy holidays!

The Nice Things People Say ...

"The knowledge I've gained from this information has been so valuable it has earned me a raise!" Find out more ...

Jack Bergstrom
Heavy Equipment Mechanic
Sharpe Equipment

2.	What is a picture really worth?

Marian Tumarkin, co-author of Hydraulics Made Easy and Advanced Hydraulic Control, sent me an interesting article published in the BBC's News Magazine, called: Diagrams that Changed the World.

One of the examples the article's author Marcus Sautoy cites, involves Florence Nightingale. As Sautoy explains:

"Although better known for her contributions to nursing, her greatest achievements were mathematical. She was the first to use the idea of a pie chart to represent data. She had discovered that the majority of deaths in the Crimean War were due to poor sanitation rather than casualties in battle. She wanted to persuade government of the need for better hygiene in hospitals but realised that just looking at the numbers was unlikely to impress ministers. But once those numbers were translated into a picture - her 'Diagram of the Causes of Mortality in the Army in the East' - the message could not be ignored."

A good diagram is indeed worth a thousand words (or numbers in Nightingale's case). It can also be worth a lot of nickel. Consider the four main types of hydraulic diagrams in common use -- and the consequences of having to manage without them:

Block Diagrams show the components of a circuit as blocks joined by lines, which indicate connections and/or interactions.

Cutaway Diagrams show the internal construction of the components and flow paths. Because these diagrams typically use colors, shades or patterns in the lines and passages, they are very effective at illustrating different flow and pressure conditions.

Pictorial Diagrams shows a circuit's components and piping arrangement. The components are seen externally and are usually in a close reproduction of their actual shapes in scaled sizes. This aids in component recognition and identification.

Graphical Diagrams are the shorthand system of the fluid power industry. They comprise simple, geometric symbols, drawn to ANSI or ISO standards that represent the components, their controls and connections.

To a technician skilled in reading and interpreting them, a graphical circuit diagram or schematic is a valuable aid in identifying possible causes of a problem. And this can save a lot of time and money in a troubleshooting situation.

If a schematic diagram is not available, the technician must manually trace the actual, physical circuit and identify its components in order to isolate possible causes of the problem. This can be a time-consuming process, depending on the complexity of the system.

Worse still, if the circuit contains a valve manifold, the manifold may have to be removed and dismantled - just to establish what it's supposed to do. Because if the function of a component within a system is not known, it can be difficult to discount it as a possible cause of the problem. Schematic diagrams eliminate the need to reverse engineer the hydraulic system.

Where are YOUR hydraulic schematics?

As most hydraulic technicians know from experience, there's usually a better than even chance that a circuit diagram will not be available for the machine they've been called in to troubleshoot. But this is unlikely to bother the technician, because it is the machine owner who usually pays for its absence through prolonged service calls and increased downtime.

Where do all the hydraulic diagrams go? They get lost or misplaced, they don't get transferred to the new owner when a used machine is traded, and in some cases they may not be issued to the machine owner at all. Why? Because generally speaking, hydraulic equipment owners don't place a lot of value on them.

So if you're responsible for the upkeep of hydraulic equipment and you don't have schematic diagrams for your existing machines, try to obtain them - BEFORE you need them. And always ensure that you're issued with schematic diagrams for any additional hydraulic machines you acquire. It's a picture which can be worth a thousand dollars.

Alexander (Sandy) Dunn
Plant Maintenance Resource Center

3.	Another piece of paper you shouldn't be without

A schematic diagram isn't the only piece of paper worth its weight in gold to a savvy hydraulics user. In my article in the November 2010 Issue of Hydraulics and Pneumatics available here, I explain what the other is and why it too is so valuable.

4.	Content for your web site or e-zine

Need some fresh content for your web site or e-zine? You now have permission to reprint these 'Inside Hydraulics' articles on your web site or in your e-zine, provided:

1. Each article is printed in its full form with no changes.

2. You send an e-mail to editor@hydraulicsupermarket.com to advise us where you'll be publishing them.

5.	Help us spread the word

New subscribers can get the newsletter by completing the form at http://www.insidersecretstohydraulics.com

6.	Tell us what you think

We would love to hear what you think of this issue of our 'Inside Hydraulics' newsletter. And of course, if you have any suggestions for future issues, please send us those too.

Just e-mail the editor at: newslettersuggestions@hydraulicsupermarket.com

To subscribe to this newsletter, go to:
http://www.insidersecretstohydraulics.com

This issue was sent to the following e-mail address:
abelkefa.tools@blogger.com

Air, how load-sensing reduces heat.

2010-12-09T22:08:00.001-08:00

Hello again Air,

In your past couple of hydraulic maintenance emails,
I explained how to accurately assess the condition
of a hydrostatic transmission using case drain flow.

Today I want to switch gears and talk about
a type of hydraulic control in widespread use,
but not well understood: load sensing.

Load sensing is a term used to describe a type of
variable pump control used in open circuits. It is
so called because the load-induced pressure downstream
of an orifice is sensed and pump flow is adjusted to
maintain a constant pressure drop (and therefore flow)
across the orifice.

The 'orifice' is usually a directional control valve
with proportional flow characteristics. But a needle
valve or even a fixed orifice can be employed,
depending on the application.

In hydraulic systems that are subject to wide fluctuations
in flow and pressure, load-sensing circuits can save
substantial amounts of input power.

A load sensing circuit typically comprises a
variable displacement pump, usually axial-piston design,
fitted with a load sensing controller, and a directional
control valve with an integral load-signal gallery.

The load-signal gallery is connected to the load-signal port
on the pump controller. The load-signal gallery in the
directional control valve connects the A and B ports of
each of the control valve sections through a series of
shuttle valves.

This ensures that the actuator with the highest load pressure
is sensed and fed back to the pump control.

To read the rest of this story - with diagrams,
point your browser to
http://www.insidersecretstohydraulics.com/load-sensing.html

Yours for better hydraulics knowledge,

Brendan Casey
Author of 'Insider Secrets to Hydraulics'

=======================================

==========

HydraulicSupermarket.com
1195 Hay St
PO Box 1029
West Perth, Western Australia 6872
Australia
6 (189) 380-6659

Delivered By Infusionsoft

Air, a final word on hydrostatic transmission leakage.

2010-12-03T22:26:00.001-08:00

Hello again Air,

In your previous two hydraulic maintenance emails,
I explained how to correctly determine the condition
of a hydrostatic transmission using case drain flow,
and discussed the role and influence of a flushing
valve when doing this.

Today I want to clarify one last source of confusion
about the influence of the charge pump when assessing
case drain leakage from a hydrostatic transmission.

It is sometimes assumed if the charge pump relief vents
into the case of the pump, transmission pump leakage
can be determined by subtracting charge pump flow from the
total flow from the pump case.

For example, if total charge pump flow is 10 GPM and the
flow-meter in the pump case drain line is reading 15 GPM
then transmission pump leakage is 5 GPM (15 - 10 = 5).

This is incorrect because it suggests that a hydrostatic
transmission can leak more than the total available flow
from its charge pump. It cannot.

That is, it is impossible for the flow meter in the pump
case drain line to read 15 GPM when the total available
flow from the charge pump is only 10 GPM, as in the
above example.

The reason is simple. Because the function of the charge
pump is to make up losses from the loop through internal
leakage, if total losses exceed available charge pump flow,
the transmission will cavitate.

If in the above example, the transmission was leaking 5 GPM
more than the total available flow from the charge pump,
there would be a serious deficit of fluid in the loop.

In practice, the transmission would destroy itself through
cavitation before it got to this point.

Let me explain this another way. Let's assume we have a
transmission that has a volumetric efficiency of 100%,
that is, the pump and motor have no internal leakage.
The loop has a total volume of two gallons and is full
of fluid. Because there is no internal leakage there
is no need for a charge pump.

The pump is stroked to maximum displacement, which circulates
the two gallons of fluid in the loop at a rate of 50 GPM.
Because it's a closed loop, with no leakage, the flow from
pump to motor is 50 GPM and the flow from motor to pump
is 50 GPM.

Now let's introduce internal leakage of 0.5 GPM in both
pump and motor. The result is that, with no charge pump
to replenish the loop, after one minute there will only
be one gallon of fluid left in the loop (the other gallon
will have leaked back to tank). Within a second of the
transmission starting to leak, the transmission pump
will start to cavitate and the severity of this cavitation
will increase with each passing second until
the transmission destroys itself.

Now let's install a charge pump with a flow rate of 1 GPM
in the circuit. Problem solved, temporarily at least.
With 1 GPM leaking out of the loop and 1 GPM being
replenished by the charge pump the status quo is maintained...
until wear causes the internal leakage of the transmission
to exceed 1 GPM.

As you can see, it's not possible for the internal leakage
of a hydrostatic transmission to exceed the flow rate of
its charge pump. Charge pump flow rate is typically 20%
of transmission pump flow rate.

This means that volumetric efficiency can drop to 80%
before the transmission will cavitate and destroy itself.

The trick is to overhaul the transmission
BEFORE this point is reached.

Yours for better hydraulics knowledge,

Brendan Casey
P.S. If you've struggled with any of the concepts
in these past three bulletins on hydrostatic transmissions,
you'll find the simulation videos
in 'Hydraulics Made Easy' a BIG help:
http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/hydro-tranny

=======================================

==========

HydraulicSupermarket.com
1195 Hay St
PO Box 1029
West Perth, Western Australia 6872
Australia
6 (189) 380-6659

Delivered By Infusionsoft

How to set-up a HST hot-oil purge valve

2010-11-30T08:13:00.001-08:00

Air,

I'm currently embroiled in a rather nasty dispute
regarding the failure of a large (and expensive)
hydrostatic transmission.

Failure analysis is conclusive; the evidence crystal clear:
the transmission was cooked.

The cause of failure is not in dispute.
What is in dispute is who carries the can.

The blame game.

And when there's significant amounts of dinero involved,
all parties start ducking for cover.

Like many failures, the end came about as a result
of a sequence of error and omission. But there's
always one act or omission that sets off the chain of events.

There's always a first domino to fall.

And in this case, the 'first domino' was
the commissioning technician's failure
to set-up the transmission's purge valve correctly.

Like a lot of things in hydraulics, it's not rocket science.
But you gotta KNOW how to do it. AND you gotta do it.

So I made a two-minute video which explains the correct set-up,
and posted it on YouTube:

http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/hydro-tranny

80% of the videos on YouTube never get more than 2,500 views.
But this one's had 4,602 views, which puts it in the top 20%.
In other words, 'The People' have decided
it is worth two minutes of your time, Air.

Yours for better hydraulics knowledge,

Brendan Casey

==========

HydraulicSupermarket.com
1195 Hay St
PO Box 1029
West Perth, Western Australia 6872
Australia
6 (189) 380-6659

Delivered By Infusionsoft

Air, does your hydrostatic transmission have this?

2010-11-27T22:55:00.000-08:00

Hello again Air,

In your last hydraulic maintenance email,
I explained the pitfalls to look out for when
assessing the condition of a hydrostatic transmission
by measuring its case drain flow.

There's another component present in most
hydrostatic transmissions that complicates
this issue further: the flushing valve.

A closed circuit flushing valve (also called a
transmission valve or replenishing valve or purge valve)
usually comprises a pilot operated directional valve
and a low pressure relief valve.

When the hydrostatic transmission is in neutral,
the directional valve is centered and the gallery
to the low pressure relief valve is blocked.

When the transmission is operated in either forward
or reverse, the high pressure side of the loop pilots
the directional valve. This opens the low pressure
side of the loop to the relief valve gallery.

In a closed circuit, fluid from the motor outlet flows
directly to the pump inlet. This means that apart from
losses through internal leakage, which are made up by
the charge pump, the same fluid circulates continuously
between pump and motor. If the transmission is heavily
loaded, the fluid circulating in the loop can overheat.

The function of the flushing valve is to positively
exchange the fluid in the loop with that in the reservoir.

( You can watch a 2-minute simulation video
which explains how it does this, here
http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/hydro-tranny )

When the hydrostatic transmission is in neutral,
the flushing valve has no function and charge pressure
is controlled by the charge relief valve in the
transmission pump.

When the transmission is operated in either forward or reverse,
the flushing valve operates so that charge pressure in the low
pressure side of the loop is controlled by the relief valve
incorporated in the flushing valve. This relief valve is set
around 30 psi lower than the charge pump relief valve located
in the transmission pump.

The effect of this is that cool fluid drawn from the reservoir
by the charge pump, charges the low pressure side of the loop
through the check valve located close to the transmission pump
inlet. The volume of hot fluid leaving the motor outlet,
that is not required to maintain charge pressure in the low
pressure side of the loop, vents across the flushing valve
relief and back to tank, often via the motor and/or pump case.

So if a flushing valve is fitted to a transmission,
it acts as the charge pump relief valve once the transmission
is operated in forward or reverse. So if the flushing valve
vents into the case of the motor, then it is possible to
determine the condition of the pump by measuring its case
drain flow, but not the motor.

If the flushing valve vents into the case of pump, then
it is possible to determine the condition of the motor by
measuring its case drain flow, but not the pump.

This reinforces the point that using case drain flows to
determine the condition of the components of a hydrostatic
transmission, without a thorough understanding of the circuit
in question, can result in incorrect conclusions and the
costly change-out of serviceable components.

In your next hydraulic maintenance email, I'll explain another
important concept to keep in mind when testing hydrostatic
transmissions. Look out for it in a few days time.

Yours for better hydraulics knowledge,

Brendan Casey
Author of 'Hydraulics Made Easy'

=======================================

==========

HydraulicSupermarket.com
1195 Hay St
PO Box 1029
West Perth, Western Australia 6872
Australia
6 (189) 380-6659

Delivered By Infusionsoft

Air, how to correctly assess the condition of your hydrostatic transmission.

2010-11-21T23:01:00.001-08:00

Hello again Air,

In your last hydraulic maintenance email,
I talked about the leakage characteristics
of spool-type and poppet-type valves.

Still on the topic of leakage, today I'm going to
explain the potential pitfalls when measuring
case leakage from a hydrostatic transmission.

A hydrostatic transmission consists of a
variable-displacement pump and a fixed or
variable displacement motor, operating together
in a closed circuit.

In a closed circuit, fluid from the motor outlet
flows directly to the pump inlet, without returning
to the tank.

Because the pump and motor leak internally, which allows
fluid to escape from the loop and drain back to the tank,
a fixed-displacement pump called a charge pump is used to
ensure that the loop remains full of fluid during normal
operation.

In practice, the charge pump not only keeps the loop full
of fluid, it pressurizes the loop to between 110 and 360 PSI,
depending on the transmission manufacturer.

( If I've lost you at this point, you'll find the
hydrostatic transmission, simulation videos
in 'Hydraulics Made Easy' extremely helpful:
http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/hydro-tranny )

When a pump or motor is worn or damaged, internal leakage
increases and therefore the flow available to do useful work
decreases.

This means that the condition of a pump or motor can be
determined by measuring the flow from its case drain line
(internal leakage) and expressing it as a percentage of
its design flow.

However, using case drain flows to determine the condition
of the components of a hydrostatic transmission, without
a thorough understanding of the circuit in question, can
result in incorrect conclusions and the costly change-out
of serviceable components.

In most transmissions, the charge pump relief valve vents
into the case of either the pump or the motor.

This means if the motor case drain flushes through the
transmission pump case to tank, you would expect to see
the flow meter in the transmission pump case drain line
reading design charge pump flow. Here's why:

Say charge pump flow is 10 GPM, of which 4 GPM is leaking
out of the loop through the motor's internals (case drain)
and 2 GPM is leaking out of the loop through the pump's
internals. The balance of 4 GPM must therefore be going over
the charge relief - but still ends up in either the pump or
motor case, depending on the location of the charge relief
valve.

In a circuit where the motor case drain flushes through the
transmission pump case to tank, you would expect to see the
flow meter in the transmission pump case drain line reading
the sum of these three flows (10 GPM).

So before any meaningful conclusions can be drawn, the case
in which the charge pump relief is venting (motor or pump)
must be determined and the two case drain lines (motor and pump)
must be isolated from each other.

In your next hydraulic maintenance email in a few days time,
I'll reveal another component of most hydrostatic transmissions
that complicates this issue further.

Yours for better hydraulics knowledge,

Brendan Casey
Author of 'Hydraulics Made Easy'

=======================================

==========

HydraulicSupermarket.com
1195 Hay St
PO Box 1029
West Perth, Western Australia 6872
Australia
6 (189) 380-6659

Delivered By Infusionsoft

Air, a critical fact about hydraulic valves

2010-11-15T22:04:00.001-08:00

Hello again Air,

In your last hydraulic maintenance email,
I explained how an infrared thermometer or
heat gun is an excellent tool for quickly
locating internal leakage in a hydraulic
system.

And I'm going to continue on the topic of leakage
today and talk about valve leakage.

There are two main types of valve designs used
in hydrauic systems. Spool-type and poppet-type.

In a spool design, a spool is positioned in its bore
to connect the various ports in the valve. The most
common type of spool valve we're all familiar with
is the directional control valve.

Because radial clearance is required for the spool to
slide in its bore, this valve design in not leakless.
To say this another way, even when a port in a spool
valve is closed off - a small amount of leakage is
possible and should be expected.

In a poppet design, the valve 'poppet' closes against a seat.
This design is generally considered leakless. That is, if
the valve is closed and the poppet and its seat are in good
condition - there is no leakage across the valve's ports.

BUT there's an important exception to this rule you should
be aware of. Slip-in cartridge valves, also called logic
elements are a type of poppet valve commonly found in todays
hydraulic systems.

Even though a logic element can be configured for flow in two
directions, it is only 'leakless' in one direction.

To understand why, read pages 138-139 of
'Industrial Hydraulic Control':
http://www.industrialhydrauliccontrol.com

Yours for better hydraulics knowledge,

Brendan Casey

=======================================

==========

HydraulicSupermarket.com
1195 Hay St
PO Box 1029
West Perth, Western Australia 6872
Australia
6 (189) 380-6659

Delivered By Infusionsoft

Air, how to locate abnormal heat load

2010-11-09T22:35:00.001-08:00

Hello again Air,

In your last hydraulic maintenance email,
I outlined a procedure for determining whether
the root cause of an overheating problem lies
in the cooling circuit or elsewhere in the
hydraulic system.

If the indications are that the cooling circuit
is functioning satisfactorily but the system is
overheating - then we need to locate the source
of the 'abnormal' heat load.

When fluid moves from a high pressure zone to a
low pressure zone we call this pressure drop.

When a pressure drop occurs WITHOUT useful work
heat is generated. For example, the pressure drop
across the ports of a properly functioning motor
produces torque at the motor's drive shaft and
ultimately useful work.

On the other hand, the pressure drop across a relief
valve doesn't produce any work, so this energy is
converted to heat - which is an undesirable heat load
on the system.

Because a pressure drop without useful work creates heat,
an infra-red thermometer can often be used as a quick and
effective means of locating abnormal heat load.

For example, if oil is passing over a relief valve, the
localized heat generation means this component will be
hotter than the rest of the system.

Yours for better hydraulics knowledge,

Brendan Casey
Brendan Casey
Author of 'Hydraulics Made Easy'
http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/made-easy
=======================================

==========

HydraulicSupermarket.com
1195 Hay St
PO Box 1029
West Perth, Western Australia 6872
Australia
6 (189) 380-6659

Delivered By Infusionsoft

The best time to plant a tree

2010-11-09T06:00:00.001-08:00

Air,

10 years ago today, I put up my shingle on the internet.

HydraulicSupermarket.com was born.

There's an old saying that
the best time to plant a tree
is 20 years ago.

The second best time is right now.

This is of course another way of saying
the sooner you start something the better,
but it's NEVER too late to start.

While I'm glad I planted my Hydraulic Supermarket 'tree'
10 years ago, it wouldn't have been possible without another
I plunked in the ground 10 years before that ...

Read the rest of this story here
http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/10th_birthday

HydraulicSupermarket.com
1195 Hay St
PO Box 1029
West Perth, Western Australia 6872
Australia
6 (189) 380-6659

Delivered By Infusionsoft

Air, how to nail hydraulic system overheating problems

2010-11-03T22:55:00.001-07:00

Hello again Air,

In your last hydraulic maintenance email,
we discussed what causes a hydraulic system
to overheat.

Today I want to explain a technique that is
very useful when you're troubleshooting a system
that's overheating.

This technique involves using an infrared thermometer -
sometimes called a heat gun, to measure the oil's
temperature drop across the heat exchanger.

The heat rejection of the exchanger can then be
calculated and when this is expressed as a percentage
of input power, it will reveal whether the problem
is in the cooling circuit or elsewhere in the system.

The exact procedure for doing this is explained
in detail on page 21 of 'Preventing Hydraulic Failures'.
http://www.preventinghydraulicfailures.com

Installed cooling capacity typically ranges between 25 and 40
percent of input power. So if a system has a continuous input
power of 100 kilowatts and the exchanger is dissipating 26
kilowatts of heat, this means the efficiency of the system
has fallen below 74 percent. If the system is overheating,
this is a good indication that there is abnormal heat load
somewhere in the system.

On the other hand, if a system has a continuous input power
of 100 kilowatts and the exchanger is dissipating 10 kilowatts
of heat and the system is overheating, this means that there's
a problem somewhere in the cooling circuit or the system does
not have enough installed cooling capacity.

In your next hydraulic maintenance email in a few days time,
I'll explain how to locate this abnormal heat load.

Yours for better hydraulics knowledge,

Brendan Casey
Author of 'Preventing Hydraulic Failures'
http://www.preventinghydraulicfailures.com
=======================================

==========

HydraulicSupermarket.com
1195 Hay St
PO Box 1029
West Perth, Western Australia 6872
Australia
6 (189) 380-6659

Delivered By Infusionsoft

Air, how hot is too hot?

2010-10-28T22:29:00.001-07:00

Hello again Air,

In your last hydraulic maintenance email,
we talked about the value of the humble hydraulic
symbol and the benefit of obtaining and keeping
schematic diagrams for any hydraulic equipment
you're responsible for.

Today I want to deal with a question that I'm often
asked by hydraulic equipment users:

When it comes to the oil's operating temperature -
how hot is too hot?

Heating of hydraulic fluid in operation is caused by
inefficiencies. Inefficiencies result in losses
of input power, which are converted to heat.

A hydraulic system's heat load is equal to the
total power lost (PL) through inefficiencies
and can be expressed as:

PLtotal = PLpump + PLvalves + PLplumbing + PLactuators

If the total input power lost to heat is greater than
the heat dissipated, the hydraulic system
will eventually overheat.

Hydraulic fluid temperatures above 180Â°F (82Â°C) damage
most seal compounds and accelerate degradation of the oil.

So while the operation of any hydraulic system at temperatures
above 180Â°F (82Â°C) should be avoided, fluid temperature is
too high when viscosity falls below the optimum value for the
hydraulic system's components.

This can occur well below 180Â°F (82Â°C), depending on
the fluid's viscosity grade (weight).

To achieve stable fluid temperature, a hydraulic system's
capacity to dissipate heat must exceed its inherent heat load.

For example, a system with continuous input power of 100 kW
and an efficiency of 80% needs to be capable of dissipating
a heat load of at least 20 kW.

It's important to note that an increase in heat load or
a reduction in a hydraulic system's capacity to dissipate heat
will alter the balance between heat load and dissipation.

As you've probably gathered, there are only two ways
to solve overheating problems in hydraulic systems:

1. Decrease heat load; or
2. Increase heat dissipation.

Decreasing heat load is always the preferred option because
doing so increases the efficiency of the hydraulic system.

In your next hydraulic maintenance email in a few days time,
I'll explain how to troubleshoot a hydraulic system that's
overheating.

In the meantime, be aware that continuing to operate a
hydraulic system when the fluid is over-temperature
is similar to operating an internal combustion engine
with high coolant temperature. Damage is guaranteed.

Yours for better hydraulics knowledge,

Brendan Casey
Author of 'Insider Secrets to Hydraulics'; and
'Preventing Hydraulic Failures'.
http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/books.html
=======================================

==========

HydraulicSupermarket.com
1195 Hay St
PO Box 1029
West Perth, US-WA 6872
AU
6 (189) 380-6659

Delivered By Infusionsoft

Air, the value of the humble hydraulic symbol

2010-10-22T22:42:00.001-07:00

Hello again Air,

In your last couple of hydraulic maintenance emails,
we've discussed four common causes of premature failure
of hydraulic cylinders.

Today I want to switch gears and talk about
the overlooked value of hydraulic schematic diagrams.

A schematic diagram is a 'road map' of the hydraulic system
and to a technician skilled in reading and interpreting
hydraulic symbols, is a valuable aid in identifying
possible causes of a problem.

This can save a lot of time and money when
troubleshooting hydraulic problems.

If a schematic diagram is not available, the technician
must trace the hydraulic circuit and identify its
components in order to isolate possible causes of the problem.

This can be a time-consuming process, depending on the
complexity of the system. Worse still, if the circuit
contains a valve manifold, the manifold may have to be
removed and dismantled - just to establish what it's
supposed to do. Reason being, if the function of a
component within a hydraulic system is not known,
it can be difficult to discount it as a possible
cause of the problem.

The humble hydraulic symbol eliminates the need to
'reverse engineer' the hydraulic circuit.

As most hydraulic technicians know, there's usually
a better than even chance that a schematic diagram
will not be available for the machine they've been
called in to troubleshoot. This is unlikely to
bother the technician because it is the machine owner
who pays for its absence.

Where do all the hydraulic schematic diagrams go?
They get lost or misplaced, they don't get transferred
to the new owner when a machine is bought secondhand
and in some cases they may not be issued to the machine
owner at all. Why? Because generally speaking, hydraulic
equipment owners don't place a lot of value on them.

So if you're responsible for hydraulic equipment and
you don't have schematic diagrams for your existing
machines, try to obtain them - before you need them.
And ensure that you are issued with schematic diagrams
for any additional hydraulic machines you acquire.

And if you'd like to know how to read schematics
like a pro, watch this video:
http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/ahcvid.html

Yours for better hydraulics knowledge,

Brendan Casey
Author of 'Insider Secrets to Hydraulics'; and
'Preventing Hydraulic Failures'.
http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/books.html
=======================================

==========

HydraulicSupermarket.com
1195 Hay St
PO Box 1029
West Perth, US-WA 6872
AU
6 (189) 380-6659

Delivered By Infusionsoft

Air, repair or redesign?

2010-10-16T22:12:00.001-07:00

Hello again Air,

In your last hydraulic maintenance email,
we talked about how to check cylinder rod
buckling loads and stop your cylinder rods
from bending - to prevent premature failure
of the cylinder.

Today I want to share with you, three other
common causes of hydraulic cylinder failure:

Ballooned Tubes

Ballooning of the cylinder tube is usually caused by
excessive honing or insufficient wall thickness
and/or material strength for the cylinder's operating
pressure.

Once the tube balloons, the correct tolerance between
the piston seal and tube wall is lost and high-pressure
fluid bypasses the seal. This high velocity fluid can
erode the seal and localized heating caused by the
pressure drop across the piston reduces seal life.

Insufficient Bearing Area

If the internal bearing areas in the gland and on the
piston are insufficient to carry the torsional load
transferred to the cylinder, excessive load is placed
on the rod and piston seals. This results in deformation
and ultimately premature failure of the seals.

Rod Finish

The surface finish of the cylinder rod can have a dramatic
effect on the life of the rod seal. If the surface roughness
is too low seal life can be reduced through inadequate
lubrication.

If the surface roughness is too high, contaminant ingression is
increased and an unacceptable level of leakage can result.

Keep in mind that not all hydraulic cylinders are made equal.
So if you have hydraulic cylinders that suffer recurring failure,
it's likely that modifications to the cylinder are required to
break the vicious circle of failure and repair.

Yours for better hydraulics knowledge,

Brendan Casey
Author of 'Insider Secrets to Hydraulics'; and
'Preventing Hydraulic Failures'.
http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/books.html
=======================================

==========

HydraulicSupermarket.com
1195 Hay St
PO Box 1029
West Perth, US-WA 6872
AU
6 (189) 380-6659

Delivered By Infusionsoft

Air, about cylinder rod buckling loads

2010-10-10T22:25:00.000-07:00

Hello again Air,

In your last hydraulic maintenance email,
we discussed the cylinder life extension
benefits presented by alternative rod surface
treatments.

Today I want to talk about a major cause of
hydraulic cylinder failure and how to prevent it.

Bent rods are a common cause of rod seal failure
and therefore, cylinder failure. Bending of cylinder
rods can be caused by:

- Insufficient rod diameter
- Insufficient strength of the rod material
- Improper cylinder mounting arrangement
- Or a combination of all three

Once the rod bends, excessive load is placed on
the rod seal resulting in premature failure
of the seal.

If a rod is bent, then it's wise to check actual
rod loading against permissible rod loading based
on the cylinder's mounting arrangement, the diameter
of the rod and the tensile strength of the rod material.

The procedure for doing this is explained in detail
on pages 58 and 59 of 'Industrial Hydraulic Control'.
http://www.industrialhydrauliccontrol.com/

If actual road load exceeds permissible load then a
new rod should be manufactured from higher tensile material
and/or the rod diameter increased to prevent the rod from
bending in service.

In your next hydraulic maintenance email in a few days time,
I'll reveal three more causes of hydraulic cylinder failure.

Yours for better hydraulics knowledge,

Brendan Casey
Author of 'Insider Secrets to Hydraulics'; and
'Preventing Hydraulic Failures'.
http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/books.html
=======================================

==========

HydraulicSupermarket.com
1195 Hay St
PO Box 1029
West Perth, US-WA 6872
Australia
6 (189) 380-6659

Delivered By Infusionsoft

Air your 'Inside Hydraulics' newsletter is ready

2010-10-05T06:16:00.001-07:00

October 5, 2010

'Inside Hydraulics' Newsletter
http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com

Issue 100

IN THIS ISSUE

1.	The WORST hydraulic equipment owner in the world?
2.	A common problem with solenoid valves
3.	Hose vs Tube
4.	Content for your web site or e-zine
5.	Help us spread the word
6.	Tell us what you think

1.	The WORST hydraulic equipment owner in the world?

As the year draws to a close, if you're feeling over-worked and under-appreciated, I can relate.

But spare a thought for Rick Sosnowski. Rick is a long-time member and battle-weary spanner man from Boston Bar in Canada. He's also a "yes we can" kind of operator. Which means you shouldn't be surprised if you find him overhauling the boom cylinder off a 25-ton excavator in the middle of forest somewhere in the interior of Canada. He'll find a (safe) way to do it.

Rick is no slouch when it comes to hydraulics, but he could use a little help choosing his customers, as this story shows:

"A few months ago I got a call to fix a big old Link-Belt excavator with travel problems. When I got there it had just blown a bucket hose and the oil was just pouring out all over the ground and into a couple of dirty buckets. I ran to the machine and released the pressure in the hydraulic tank. The owner didn't know that the pressure in the tank would push his oil out.

I had a used hose that fit, so on it went. The machine needed about five or six pails of oil just to get close to the safe level. And this is when the fun started.

First thing the owner wanted to do was put back in the oil he caught in the dirty buckets. I explained that it was a not a good idea and gave him two pails I had in the truck. In a big tank like that it didn't make much difference so I told him he needed to get more oil before I would even consider starting the machine.

Now get this. He didn't want to spend the money on oil and wanted to put in diesel fuel instead. I told him that if the machine was on a beach and the tide was coming in I would do it, but not in this case. I spent a good twenty minutes arguing with the man about why he should not do it. He knew someone who had done it, so he wanted to do the same. In the end, he did buy new oil but he wasn't convinced that I was right."

I've heard several stories of diesel being put into the hydraulic tank - but NEVER intentionally. And besides, I wonder why this machine owner was willing to waste money on diesel fuel anyway. When he could have just topped off the hydraulic tank with water. Sheez!

But there is a point to all this. A light-hearted one. Rick reckons this story of being cheap (and stupid) will take some beating. Maybe it will. Then again, maybe it won't. To find out one way or the other, I thought I'd run a little competition - to find the WORST hydraulic equipment owner or operator in the world.

So if you have a story to rival the one above, send it to me at news@hydraulicsupermarket.com

The only criteria is it must be related to hydraulic equipment maintenance, repair or troubleshooting AND it should illustrate the LAST thing you should do in the situation described - like putting diesel in the hydraulic tank, in Rick's story.

I will edit and compile all the stories submitted into a single document and make it available to all members who'd like a copy. It'll be good for a laugh and likely instructive as well.

The entry I judge to be best (worst in the world) will win 12 month's membership to Hydraulics Pro Club.

So cast your mind back and send in your story. Like I said, it's a bit of fun. Because all work and no play makes Jonnie a dull boy.

The Nice Things People Say ...

"The knowledge I've gained from this information has been so valuable it has earned me a raise!" Find out more ...

Jack Bergstrom
Heavy Equipment Mechanic
Sharpe Equipment

2.	A common problem with solenoid valves

From one of our members:

"Could you explain heat generation in hydraulic valve solenoid coils? If the temperature of the coil increases what shall happen to the valve's function?"

The short answer to this is: the solenoid coil will fail and therefore the valve itself will cease to function.

In AC electric coils the resistance or impedance of the coil is lowest when the solenoid is open, i.e. when the plunger is out. Impedance increases as the plunger is pulled into the closed position.

As a result, the current draw of an AC solenoid is highest when the solenoid is open (plunger out) and lowest when the solenoid is closed (plunger in).

The high current draw of an open AC solenoid is known as inrush current. And the current draw when the solenoid is closed is called holding current. AC solenoids can only dissipate the heat generated by their holding current. This means it's very important for the plunger to close completely when an AC solenoid is energized.

In other words, the high inrush current generates more heat than can be continuously dissipated by the solenoid. So if the plunger is not able to be completely pulled into its coil - due to a mechanical problem with the valve for example, then the insulation around the coil windings will burn and the coil will short out.

But what could go wrong with a hydraulic valve that would stop the solenoid plunger from being pulled in completely? Well, contamination is a common cause. When hard or soft particles invade the clearance between the spool and its bore, the solenoid may not have enough power to fully shift the spool. This is often referred to as "silt-lock".

If silt-lock is the problem, then replacing the solenoid is a waste of time. Replacing the entire valve will buy some time - until it too becomes 'silt-locked'. The solution of course, is to get the contamination problem under control.

Another problem presented by the inrush current characteristics of AC solenoids, is the possibility of overheating to due to rapid cycling. Each time the solenoid is closed it is subject to the heating affect of the high inrush current. If the solenoid is switched on and off too rapidly, the successive inrush currents can generate more heat than can be dissipated, leading to failure of the solenoid.

Still, an AC solenoid can be cycled quite rapidly. To give you some idea, a class H solenoid, which has insulation rated to 180°C, can be safely switched twice per second. But a DC solenoid with class F insulation rated to 150°C can be cycled four times per second without any fear of overheating. And the nice thing about DC solenoids is they don't burn out if the plunger doesn't completely close - due to silt lock or any other reason.

Alexander (Sandy) Dunn
Plant Maintenance Resource Center

3.	Hose vs Tube

Hydraulic hoses and tubes are not interchangeable. They are different "tools" for different jobs. In the July 2010 Issue of Machinery Lubrication available here, I explain why hose should ONLY be used where tubing cannot.

4.	Content for your web site or e-zine

Need some fresh content for your web site or e-zine? You now have permission to reprint these 'Inside Hydraulics' articles on your web site or in your e-zine, provided:

1. Each article is printed in its full form with no changes.

2. You send an e-mail to editor@hydraulicsupermarket.com to advise us where you'll be publishing them.

5.	Help us spread the word

New subscribers can get the newsletter by completing the form at http://www.insidersecretstohydraulics.com

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We would love to hear what you think of this issue of our 'Inside Hydraulics' newsletter. And of course, if you have any suggestions for future issues, please send us those too.

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West Perth, US-WA 6872
Australia
6 (189) 380-6659

Air, have your hydraulic cylinder rods turned black?

2010-10-04T22:41:00.000-07:00

Hello again Air,

In your last hydraulic maintenance email,
I explained the benefits of installing
a bellows or shroud on a hydraulic cylinder.

Today I want to talk about alternative rod-surface
treatments - to conventional electro-plated hard chrome
and the life extension benefits they can offer.

The first of these is High Velocity Oxygen Fuel (HVOF)
which is essentially a metal spraying process. When applied
correctly this surface treatment has superior hardness and
impact, corrosion and wear resistance to hard chrome. This
means HVOF cylinder rods typically last longer in abrasive or
corrosive environments than their hard chrome counterparts.

Black nitride is another alternative. It's an atmospheric
furnace treatment developed and patented in the early 1980's.
It combines the high surface hardness and corrosion resistance
of nitriding with additional corrosion resistance
gained by oxidation.

When it comes to its performance, I've heard mixed reports.
One client reports three times the service life in
corrosive environments when compared with conventional
hard chrome.

While another client trialled black nitride on salt trucks
and found the rods started flaking after one year's service.

I've also heard one report of long, small diameter black nitride
rods snapping under load.

A third alternative is nickel under chrome. In the USA,
Prince Hydraulics markets this rod treatment as Royal Plate.
And this nickel/chrome coating is also offered by Socatri of France.

Although I've had no direct experience with nickel/chrome plating,
according to reports from a reliable source, its corrosion resistance
is superior to conventional hard chrome and black nitride - but
not as good as hard chrome plated stainless steel.

Yours for better hydraulics knowledge,

Brendan Casey
Author of 'Insider Secrets to Hydraulics'; and
'Preventing Hydraulic Failures'.
http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/books.html
=======================================

==========

HydraulicSupermarket.com
1195 Hay St
PO Box 1029
West Perth, US-WA 6872
Australia
6 (189) 380-6659

Delivered By Infusionsoft

Air, proactive maintenance for your hydraulic cylinders

2010-09-28T22:57:00.000-07:00

Hello again Air,

In your last few hydraulic maintenance emails,
we've talked about repairing, testing and storing
hydraulic cylinders.

Today I want to explain some of the ways you can
increase the service life of your hydraulic cylinders.

A major cause of reduced service life is damage to the
surface of the cylinder rod. Dents and gouges in the
rod's hardchrome surface reduces the life of
the rod and wiper seals.

Not only that, it gives dust and other contaminants
an easy path into the hydraulic system, increasing
the load on the systems filters.

The potential for damage to cylinder rods and wiper seals
is an ever present problem - especially for users of mobile
hydraulic equipment.

One way to minimize this problem is to install a protective
shroud or bellows to any cylinders exposed to impact damage.
This helps protect the rod's surface from dings and scratches.
In abrasive or corrosive environments, it also helps extend
rod and wiper seal life and provides an extra barrier to the
ingression of contaminants via the cylinder rod.

That said, the use of a protective shroud is an ideal
that's not practical in all cases. So in your next
hydraulic maintenance email in a few days time, I'll
explain an alternative that offers similar
life extension benefits.

Yours for better hydraulics knowledge,

Brendan Casey
Author of 'Insider Secrets to Hydraulics'; and
'Preventing Hydraulic Failures'.
http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/books.html
=======================================

==========

HydraulicSupermarket.com
1195 Hay St
PO Box 1029
West Perth, US-WA 6872
Australia
6 (189) 380-6659

Delivered By Infusionsoft

Air, are your cylinders hoop stressed?

2010-09-22T22:25:00.001-07:00

Hello again Air,

In your last hydraulic maintenance email,
I explained how to use volumetric efficiency
to correctly determine the condition of
a hydraulic pump.

Today I want to continue on this tack
and talk about testing hydraulic cylinders.

The conventional way of testing the integrity
of the piston seal in a double-acting cylinder
is to pressurize the cylinder at the end of stroke
and measure any leakage past the seal. This is
commonly referred to as "end-of-stroke bypass test"

The major limitation of the end-of-stroke bypass test,
is it generally doesn't reveal ballooning of
the cylinder tube caused by hoop stress as a result
of under designed cylinder wall thickness or reduction
of wall thickness through excessive honing.

The ideal way to test for ballooning of the cylinder tube
is to conduct a piston-seal bypass test mid-stroke.
The major difficulty with doing this is that the force
developed by the cylinder has to be mechanically resisted,
which in the case of large diameter, high-pressure cylinders
is impractical.

However a mid-stroke bypass test can be conducted
hydrostatically using the intensification effect.
The necessary circuit along with a step-by-step
procedure for conducting this test is shown at:
http://www.insidersecretstohydraulics.com/cylinder-testing.html

Yours for better hydraulics knowledge,

Brendan Casey
Author of 'Insider Secrets to Hydraulics'; and
'Preventing Hydraulic Failures'.
http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/books.html
=======================================

==========

HydraulicSupermarket.com
1195 Hay St
PO Box 1029
West Perth, US-WA 6872
Australia
6 (189) 380-6659

Delivered By Infusionsoft

A tragic story and a stark hydraulics lesson

2010-09-21T06:06:00.001-07:00

Air,

Large hydraulic cylinders are real pigs to repair.

They're not complicated. Like any other cylinder,
you've got a rod, a tube, a gland, a set of seals
and some wear bands.

So long as all tolerances are correct,
there's no rocket science involved in carrying out
an effective repair.

But as anyone who has carried out repairs on long,
large diameter hydraulic cylinders knows,
they're pigs to get apart and back together again,
even when you've got all the right equipment
at your disposal.

Give me the choice of overhauling a large piston pump
or a large cylinder and I'll take the piston pump
any day of the week.

But for most mechanical types, the complexity
of a piston pump would scare them off.

Which means it must be the apparent simplicity
of large hydraulic cylinders that lures people
into attempting repairs on them - when they
don't have the necessary equipment to get them apart
and back together again - safely.

This can be real dangerous.

And a recipe for disaster, as this tragic story
sent to me by one of our members from Venezuela
illustrates:

"A maintenance supervisor and mechanic were trying
to extract the rod/gland assembly from a
large hydraulic cylinder.

In their attempt to do so, they pressurized the cylinder
with approximately 100 PSI (6.9 bar) of compressed air
with the objective of pushing the gland out.

This attempt failed. So they figured that, in addition
to applying force with compressed air, they could
apply heat around the circumference of the cylinder tube,
in the vicinity of the gland.

They thought that this would expand the tube and
release its grip on the gland assembly.
So they used an oxy-acetylene torch to apply heat
to the surface of the tube.

Within minutes, the gland assembly blew out
with a deafening explosion.

The air collected the residual oil in the cylinder
as it rapidly de-compressed. And the air/oil mixture
ignited into a fiery inferno when it contacted
the torch's open flame.

Both men were knocked to the ground by the force
of the explosion.

They were both covered in hydraulic oil
as it sprayed out of the open end of the cylinder tube
and they were both engulfed in fire.

A passer-by grabbed a fire extinguisher
and doused the flames. However, the force
of the heavy gland assembly ripped
the maintenance supervisor's leg off
as the explosion blasted it out of the cylinder.
He also suffered extensive burns.

The maintenance mechanic suffered extensive burns
and a broken leg."

The obvious lesson here is:
never use compressed air and/or heat
to extract the piston rod from a cylinder tube.

NEVER.

But the wider lesson is:
pick your battles wisely.

KNOW what you can and can NOT accomplish (safely)
with the knowledge, tools and equipment
available to you.

I always work on the assumption
that if you're reading my stuff,
you're over 18 years of age.

So as a grown-up, far be it for me
to tell you what you can and can not do.

Just don't get killed or maimed by ignorance.

Yours for better hydraulics knowledge,

Brendan Casey
www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/made-easy

HydraulicSupermarket.com
1195 Hay St
PO Box 1029
West Perth, WA 6872
Australia
6 (189) 380-6659

Delivered By Infusionsoft

Air, time for a pump overhaul?

2010-09-16T22:38:00.001-07:00

Hello again Air,

In your last hydraulic maintenance email,
we talked about how to avoid troubleshooting
mistakes by checking and eliminating
the easy things first.

Today I want to move onto how to determine
the condition of the hardest working component
of a hydraulic system - the pump.

As a pump wears in service, internal leakage increases
and therefore the percentage of flow available
to do useful work (volumetric efficiency) decreases.

If volumetric efficiency falls below a level considered
acceptable for the application, the pump will need
to be overhauled.

In a condition-based maintenance environment, the decision
to change-out the pump is often based on remaining
bearing life or deterioration in volumetric efficiency,
whichever occurs first.

Volumetric efficiency is the percentage of theoretical pump flow
available to do useful work. It is calculated by dividing
the pump's actual output in liters or gallons per minute by its
theoretical output, expressed as a percentage. Actual output
is determined using a flow-tester to load the pump and measure
its flow rate.

Because internal leakage increases as operating pressure
increases and fluid viscosity decreases, these variables
should be stated when stating volumetric efficiency.

For example, a hydraulic pump with a theoretical output
of 100 GPM, and an actual output of 94 GPM at 5000 PSI
and 120 SUS is said to have a volumetric efficiency
of 94% at 5000 PSI and 120 SUS.

When calculating the volumetric efficiency of
a variable displacement pump, internal leakage
must be expressed as a constant.

To understand why this is so, think of the various leakage paths
within a hydraulic pump as fixed orifices. The rate of flow
through an orifice is dependant on the diameter (and shape)
of the orifice, the pressure drop across it and fluid viscosity.
This means that if these variables remain constant, the rate
of internal leakage remains constant, independent of
the pump's displacement.

For a detailed example, which shows how costly it can be if
you don't understand this concept, read the rest of this story:
http://www.insidersecretstohydraulics.com/variable-hydraulic-pump.html

Yours for better hydraulics knowledge,

Brendan Casey
Author of 'Insider Secrets to Hydraulics'; and
'Preventing Hydraulic Failures'.
http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/books.html
=======================================

==========

HydraulicSupermarket.com
1195 Hay St
PO Box 1029
West Perth, WA 6872
Australia
6 (189) 380-6659

Delivered By Infusionsoft

Air, a big tip on hydraulic troubleshooting

2010-09-10T22:03:00.001-07:00

Hello again Air,

In your last hydraulic maintenance email, I explained
how to prepare your spare hydraulic cylinders
for long term storage - and how to do it safely.

Today I want to switch gears and talk about one of
my favorite subjects - hydraulic troubleshooting.

As I explain in my book 'Insider Secrets to Hydraulics',
hydraulic troubleshooting involves a lot of science and
a bit of art.

While there's no substitute for knowledge, the right tools
and experience, you can approach any troubleshooting situation
like a pro - just by starting with this one step:

Check and eliminate the easy things first.

Now, in case you're thinking this advice is too obvious
to be useful, consider this troubleshooting situation
I was involved in recently:

The machine in question had a complex hydraulic system,
the heart of which comprised two engines driving
ten hydraulic pumps. Six of the pumps were variable displacement
and four of these had electronic horsepower control.

The symptoms of the problem were slow cycle times in combination
with lug-down of the engines (loss of engine rpm). The machine
had just been fitted with a new set of pumps.

The diagnosis of the mechanic in charge was that the hydraulic
system was tuned above the power curve of the engines, that is
the hydraulics were demanding more power than the engines
could produce, resulting in lug-down and therefore,
slow cycle times.

The other possible explanation of course, was that the engines
were not producing their rated horsepower.

Due to the complexity of the hydraulic system, I knew that
it would take around four hours to run a complete system check
and tune-up. So in order to eliminate the easy things first,
when I arrived on site I inquired about the condition of
the engines and their service history.

The mechanic in charge not only assured me that the engines
were in top shape, he was adamant that this was
a "hydraulic" problem.

Four hours later, after running a complete check of the
hydraulic system without finding anything significant,
I was not totally surprised that the problem remained unchanged.

After a lengthy discussion, I managed to convince the mechanic
to change the fuel filters and air cleaner elements
on both engines.

This fixed the problem. It turned out that a bad batch of fuel
had caused premature clogging of the engine fuel filters, which
were preventing the engines from developing their
rated horsepower.

Had the relatively simple task of changing the engine fuel filters
had been carried out when the problem was first noticed,
an expensive service call and four hours of downtime
could have been avoided.

The moral of this story and troubleshooting lesson 101 is:

ALWAYS check and eliminate the easy things FIRST.

For more tips on troubleshooting hydraulic problems,
read Chapters 7-11 of 'Insider Secrets to Hydraulics'
http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/books.html

Yours for better hydraulics knowledge,

Brendan Casey
Author of 'Insider Secrets to Hydraulics'; and
'Preventing Hydraulic Failures'.
http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/books.html
=======================================

==========

HydraulicSupermarket.com
1195 Hay St
PO Box 1029
West Perth, WA 6872
Australia
6 (189) 380-6659

Delivered By Infusionsoft

Air, how to store hydraulic cylinders - safely

2010-09-04T22:27:00.001-07:00

Hello again Air,

In your last hydraulic maintenance email, I wrote
about the importance of checking rod straightness
when repairing hydraulic cylinders.

Today I want to continue by talking about
how to prepare hydraulic cylinders for storage -
after they've been repaired.

Here's what I recommend if you're storing
spare hydraulic cylinders for an extended period:

1. Always store fully retracted.

2. Store indoors in a clean, dry area.

3. Smear the internal surfaces of eye/clevis bushes
or bearings with grease - particularly if they're steel.

4. Protect any exposed chrome on the rod. Oil-impregnated tape
such as Denso tape can be used for this purpose.
Before applying, make sure the rod is fully retracted.
If a product like Denso tape is applied to the rod when
the rod is not fully retracted, subsequent retraction
of the rod can result in damage to the rod seal.

5. Plug the service ports with steel - not plastic, plugs
or blanking plates.

6. Consider filling the cylinder with clean hydraulic oil
through its rod-end service port. Particularly if it's
an expensive, large diameter or high pressure cylinder.
I say "consider" because there are a few issues to understand
before you carry out step #6.

If the cylinder is not filled with oil it will obviously
be filled with air. If this air is not perfectly dry,
then as ambient temperature decreases the air
can reach dew point. This results in moisture forming
on the inside of the cylinder tube.

This can cause spot rusting and pitting of the tube surface,
which will reduce the volumetric efficiency of the cylinder,
the service life of the piston seal, and ultimately,
the life of the tube itself.

Completely filling the cylinder with clean hydraulic oil
prevents this from occurring, however there's
a MAJOR CAUTION with doing this. I don't have room
to explain it here, but I encourage you to read about online:
http://www.insidersecretstohydraulics.com/storing-hydraulic-cylinders.html

Yours for better hydraulics knowledge,

Brendan Casey
Author of 'Insider Secrets to Hydraulics'; and
'Preventing Hydraulic Failures'.
http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/books.html
=======================================

==========

HydraulicSupermarket.com
1195 Hay St
PO Box 1029
West Perth, WA 6872
Australia
6 (189) 380-6659

Delivered By Infusionsoft

Air, patience is a virtue, however...

2010-08-30T06:16:00.001-07:00

Air,

If you missed the August issue
of 'Inside Hydraulics',
it's available online at:
http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/aug.html

Best Regards,

Brendan Casey
HydraulicSupermarket.com

==========

HydraulicSupermarket.com
1195 Hay St
PO Box 1029
West Perth, WA 6872
Australia
6 (189) 380-6659

Delivered By Infusionsoft

Air, get your cylinder rods straight

2010-08-29T22:51:00.001-07:00

Hello again Air,

In your last hydraulic maintenance email, I wrote
about the problems that can occur if case drain
lines from piston pumps or motors are filtered
or otherwise restricted.

Today I want to switch gears and talk about a major
cause of rod-seal failure in hydraulic cylinders.

As a product group, hydraulic cylinders are almost
as common as pumps and motors combined. They are less
complicated than other types of hydraulic components
and are therefore relatively easy to repair.

As a result, many hydraulic equipment owners or their
maintenance personnel repair hydraulic cylinders themselves.
And this is why I included a whole chapter about carrying
out effective repairs on hydraulic cylinders in my book,
'Insider Secrets to Hydraulics'.

An important step in the repair process that is often
overlooked by do-it-yourself repairers, is
checking rod straightness.

Bent rods place load on the rod seal causing distortion,
and ultimately premature failure of the seal.
So rod straightness should always be checked when
hydraulic cylinders are being re-sealed or repaired.

The procedure for doing this is explained in detail
on pages 82 and 83 of 'Insider Secrets to Hydraulics'
http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/books.html

In most cases, bent rods can be straightened in a press.
It is sometimes possible to straighten them without
damaging the hard-chrome plating, however if the chrome
is damaged, the rod must be either re-chromed or replaced.

BUT a word of CAUTION before I go.
Attempting to straighten induction-hardened rods
can cause the hardened case to shatter - with
the potential for serious personal injury and/or
property damage.

For this reason, before attempting to straighten
any cylinder rod - make sure it hasn't been
induction-hardened first.

Yours for better hydraulics knowledge,

Brendan Casey
Author of 'Insider Secrets to Hydraulics'; and
'Preventing Hydraulic Failures'.
http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/books.html
=======================================

==========

HydraulicSupermarket.com
1195 Hay St
PO Box 1029
West Perth, WA 6872
Australia
6 (189) 380-6659

Delivered By Infusionsoft

Air, another filter that does more harm than good

2010-08-23T22:27:00.001-07:00

Hello again Air,

In your last hydraulic maintenance email, I wrote
about the importance of following proper procedures
when re-starting a hydraulic system after carrying
out maintenance work - to avoid premature failures.

Today I want to clarifiy another myth, that causes
a lot of hydraulic problems - and even failures ...

Myth #5. All oil returning to the hydraulic reservoir
should be filtered.

True. With one VERY important exception:

The case drains of hydraulic piston pumps and motors.
Connecting case drain lines to return filters can cause
excessive case pressure, which has a number
of damaging effects.

High case pressure results in excessive load on
the lip of the shaft seal. This causes the
seal lip to wear a groove in the shaft,
which eventually results in a leaking shaft seal.

The effect of high case pressure on in-line
piston pumps is the same as excessive vacuum
at the pump inlet. Both conditions put the
piston ball and slipper-pad socket
in tension during intake.

In severe cases this can result in buckling
of the piston retaining plate and/or separation
of the bronze slipper from the piston,
causing major failure.

Under certain conditions, high case pressure
can cause the pistons of radial piston motors
to be lifted off the cam during outlet.
When this happens, the pistons are hammered back
onto the cam during inlet, destroying the motor.

For the reasons described above,
conventional depth filters are generally
NOT recommended on case drain lines.

For more on these and many other hydraulics tips,
point your browser to:
http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/technical.html

Yours for better hydraulics knowledge,

Brendan Casey
Author of 'Insider Secrets to Hydraulics'; and
'Preventing Hydraulic Failures'.

=======================================

==========

HydraulicSupermarket.com
1195 Hay St
PO Box 1029
West Perth, WA 6872
Australia
6 (189) 380-6659

Delivered By Infusionsoft

Air, would you start an engine with no oil in the crankcase?

2010-08-17T22:51:00.001-07:00

Hello again Air,

In your last hydraulic maintenance email, I explained
how to add oil to a hydraulic system - without the dirt.

Today I want to clear up another popular misconception,
about the installation of hydraulic components ...

Myth #4. Because oil circulates through hydraulic components
in operation, no special attention is required during
installation beyond bolting the component on and
connecting its hoses.

Nothing could be further from the truth,
as this example illustrates:

I recently conducted failure analysis on a hydraulic motor
that was the subject of a warranty claim. The motor
had failed after only 500 hours in service, some
7,000 hours short of its expected service life.

Inspection revealed that the motor's bearings had failed
through inadequate lubrication, as a result of the
hydraulic motor being started with insufficient oil
in its case (housing).

After this motor was installed, its case should have been
filled with clean hydraulic oil prior to start-up.
Starting a piston-type motor or pump without doing so,
is similar to starting an internal combustion engine
with no oil in the crankcase -
premature failure is pretty much guaranteed.

For more on these and many other hydraulics tips,
point your browser to:
http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/technical.html

Yours for better hydraulics knowledge,

Brendan Casey
Author of 'Insider Secrets to Hydraulics'; and
'Preventing Hydraulic Failures'.

=======================================

==========

HydraulicSupermarket.com
1195 Hay St
PO Box 1029
West Perth, WA 6872
Australia
6 (189) 380-6659

Delivered By Infusionsoft

Air, multiple skill-sets required

2010-08-17T06:07:00.001-07:00

Try 'Hydraulics Pro Club' for just $1
http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/pro.html

Air,

The hydraulics trade or profession is a big umbrella
over the top of a collection of different skill-sets
that have to be developed or acquired.

You need to know how it works - from simple 'bang bang'
circuits to increasingly complex variable-pump and
proportional control - so you can accurately identify
and correct problems without unnecessary component change-outs
that result from guessing.

You need to know how to use and apply an array of
diagnostic tests and tools: flow meter; heat gun;
the latest computer simulation tools and
everything else in between.

You need to know how to create and maintain
operating parameters which optimize machine productivity,
maximize reliability and reduce downtime.

You need to know how to minimize component repair
and replacement costs.

You need to know when a dollar spent on preventative
or proactive maintenance is a dollar well spent
and when it isn't. And how to determine the difference.

You need to know how to squeeze the most out of oil,
filters and other consumables.

And then of course, you need to keep all this know-how
up-to-date with the latest advances in technology.

In short, hydraulics is not a simple, single skill-set craft.
Hardly any specialization is that simple, but a number of
trades or professions can be much simpler.

People enjoying high 5-figure and 6-figure incomes
as hydraulics specialists have developed a broad range
of skills, are continually learning and improving their skills,
and invest significant sums of money in on-going skill development.

The inconvenient truth is that this craft is NOT for everybody;
and it is definitely the wrong field
for the intellectually lazy individual.

But for anyone willing to step up to the plate,
an interesting and well-paid career is their reward.

Yours for better hydraulics knowledge

Brendan Casey

Try 'Hydraulics Pro Club' for just $1
http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/pro.html

=========

HydraulicSupermarket.com
1195 Hay St
PO Box 1029
West Perth, WA 6872
Australia
6 (189) 380-6659

Delivered By Infusionsoft

Air, how clean is new oil - really?

2010-08-11T22:13:00.001-07:00

Hello again Air,

In your last hydraulic maintenance email, I corrected
a popular misbelief about the cause of cylinder creep.
A lot of people struggle with this one because it's
the exact opposite of what they've been conditioned to
believe.

Here's another great lie ...

Myth #3. New hydraulic oil is clean hydraulic oil.

New hydraulic oil straight from the drum, has a
typical cleanliness level of ISO 4406 23/21/18.

Now that number may not mean a lot to you, but it's
four cleanliness code levels below that considered
ideal for a high pressure, high performance hydraulic
system.

Looking at it another way, a 25 GPM pump operating
continuously in hydraulic oil at 23/21/18 will
circulate 3,500 pounds of dirt to the hydraulic
system's components each year.

To add hydraulic oil, and not the dirt,
always filter new oil prior to use in a hydraulic system.

This can be accomplished by pumping the oil into the
hydraulic reservoir through the system's return filter.
The easiest way to do this is to install a tee in the
return line and attach a quick-connector to the
branch of this tee.

Attach the other half of the quick-connector to the
discharge hose of a drum pump.

When hydraulic oil needs to be added to the reservoir,
the drum pump is coupled to the return line and the oil
is pumped into the reservoir through the return filter.

As well as filtering the oil, spills are avoided and the
ingress of external contamination is prevented.

For more on these and many other hydraulics tips,
point your browser to:
http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/technical.html

Yours for better hydraulics knowledge,

Brendan Casey
Author of 'Insider Secrets to Hydraulics'; and
'Preventing Hydraulic Failures'.

=======================================

==========

HydraulicSupermarket.com
1195 Hay St
PO Box 1029
West Perth, WA 6872
Australia
6 (189) 380-6659

Delivered By Infusionsoft

Air your 'Inside Hydraulics' newsletter is ready

2010-08-10T06:18:00.001-07:00

August 10, 2010

'Inside Hydraulics' Newsletter
http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com

Issue 99

IN THIS ISSUE

1.	Patience may be a virtue... but it's not always an asset
2.	Filtration: can you have too much of a good thing?
3.	How to deal with hydraulic connector leaks
4.	Content for your web site or e-zine
5.	Help us spread the word
6.	Tell us what you think

1.	Patience may be a virtue... but it's not always an asset

I was interviewed on national radio last month. Don't worry, it was nothing to do with hydraulics. As if national media would be interested in the technical challenges we concern ourselves with on a daily basis.

No, I was on the airwaves talking about my recently published children's book, Farmer Mick Harvest Time Havoc. When asked about my father, who was the real Farmer Mick, and the inspiration for the main character in the story, I mentioned the fact that, in addition to his many fine character traits, Dad could be a real S.O.B. at times.

After the interview my wife Jay suggested that I probably shouldn't have mentioned that my father wasn't perfect. After all, I was being interviewed about a children's story book and so best to keep everything warm and fuzzy, right?

But that's not the way it was. And were I to pretend otherwise, I figure I'd have been pegged as a phoney pretty quickly. Besides, it's my observation that if you plan on achieving much in life, you need to have zero tolerance for road blocks, be they people or anything else. Patience is an asset when dealing with children and old people; it's much less of an asset when you're determined to get stuff done.

The real Farmer Mick was a very successful farmer. He always had a clear idea of what he wanted to do and how and when he was going to do it. And heaven help you if you got in his way. Most of the successful people I know are the same. This is not to say it's necessary to steam roll everyone or everything that poses an obstacle-only the ones you can't side step.

Lest you get the wrong lesson: I am NOT advocating road rage against your fellow motorists or any other unreasonable behavior. What I am suggesting is it's OK to have an ingrained intolerance for anyone or anything that slows or prevents you from moving towards your personal or professional goals.

What's this got to do with hydraulics? Nothing. And EVERYTHING. The reason I champion certain philosophical positions here, and in my Hydraulics Pro Club newsletter is because I am conscious of the futility of sharing "mechanics" with people without addressing internal barriers to their success.

For example, in response to last month's newsletter where I reported on the trend towards multi-skilled trades people, one member wrote me to say, in effect, this is all bad and a typical trades person will never get a return on the time and money she is expected to invest in herself to become multi-skilled - because in the end, she's still only be a lowly-paid trades person.

That's baloney. But if someone on a certain rung of the ladder believes that's where they belong and that's where they should stay, they no amount of hydraulics knowledge I can impart is going to improve their lot in life.

So I'd be intellectually dishonest if I didn't devote some time and space in my writings to the discussion of 'success factors'. That said, I realize some people react skeptically - "hey, this isn't what I signed up for". But knowledge without capability, self-belief, get-up-and-go, chutzpah or whatever you'd like to call it, is useless.

The Nice Things People Say ...

"A farmer has an older tractor and the lift arms don't work. One mechanic went through the pump and control valve, still didn't work. Another mechanic rebuilt the lift cylinders, still didn't work. Next, the farmer brought it to me and thinking of your advice to check the simple things first, one can of penetrating oil and 30 minutes later, it was working. The linkage was froze up. Felt sorry for the old feller, so no charge. But he told everyone and now my shop is full!" Find out more ...

Doc Bess
Carolina Preventive

2.	Filtration: can you have too much of a good thing?

Additive depletion is one of the ways hydraulic oil gets 'spent' and in doing so, necessitates an oil change. Other than keeping the oil (relatively) cool and dry, there's not a lot we can do about additive consumption. But losing additives through over zealous filtration is another matter entirely. Consider this question from one of our members:

"If I filter hydraulic oil with a kidney-loop unit down to half a micron, will I lose some of the additives?"

Before I attempt to answer this question, is filtering hydraulic oil down to 0.5 microns sensible or even warranted? For 99.9 percent of hydraulic systems out there, probably not.

Even for critical, servo-valve systems, filtration of 2-micron absolute is considered adequate. So for the vast majority of systems, you have to question the benefits of sub-micron filtration - particularly when you take into account the COST of doing it. Just because sub-micron filtration technology is available - it doesn't automatically mean its use is justified on a cost/benefit basis.

But can oil additives be removed by fine filtration? It depends-on the filter or filtration process being used and the type of additive.

The first thing to keep in mind is most of the additives in hydraulic and lubricating oils should be dissolved in the base oil. This means they should NOT be in suspension in the oil and therefore, should NOT be captured by conventional depth filters - even fine ones.

There is at least one notable exception though. De-foamant additives are suspended rather than dissolved in the oil and so they can be filtered out. As can any other additives that are not properly dissolved in the oil for any reason.

But conventional depth filters aren't the only form of fine filtration available. It's generally accepted that absorbent type filters which consist of chemically active materials such as activated alumina, fullers earth, active clays, charcoal and chemically treated paper can remove additives from the oil.

Some references assert there is a risk of additive removal with centrifugation, while a research paper I read recently concluded that centrifugal filters installed on diesel engines do not remove soluble additives from the oil.

As you can see, this issue, like many others in hydraulics, is not black and white. But as I mentioned at the beginning, any risk of additive removal can be avoided by not filtering the oil beyond the level justified by the application. And in the vast majority of hydraulic applications where the installed level of filtration is 5 microns or above, the risk of additive removal is virtually non-existent.

Alexander (Sandy) Dunn
Plant Maintenance Resource Center

3.	How to deal with hydraulic connector leaks

The problem of leaking connectors has been around for as long as hydraulics itself. It is beyond annoying. It wastes oil. It poses a safety hazard. It can compromise machine reliability. It's a big problem. In the May 2010 Issue of Machinery Lubrication available here, I outline what can be done and explain why doing nothing is not an option.

4.	Content for your web site or e-zine

Need some fresh content for your web site or e-zine? You now have permission to reprint these 'Inside Hydraulics' articles on your web site or in your e-zine, provided:

1. Each article is printed in its full form with no changes.

2. You send an e-mail to editor@hydraulicsupermarket.com to advise us where you'll be publishing them.

5.	Help us spread the word

New subscribers can get the newsletter by completing the form at http://www.insidersecretstohydraulics.com

6.	Tell us what you think

We would love to hear what you think of this issue of our 'Inside Hydraulics' newsletter. And of course, if you have any suggestions for future issues, please send us those too.

Just e-mail the editor at: newslettersuggestions@hydraulicsupermarket.com

To subscribe to this newsletter, go to:
http://www.insidersecretstohydraulics.com

This issue was sent to the following e-mail address:
abelkefa.tools@blogger.com

Air, what causes a cylinder to creep?

2010-08-05T22:25:00.001-07:00

Hello again Air,

In your last hydraulic maintenance email, I exploded
the myth about pump suction strainers - they do more harm
than good. And installing them to 'protect' the pump is a
contradiction because they can actually destroy it.

Here's another big myth ...

Myth #2. Creep in a double-acting cylinder is caused by a
leaking piston seal.

A popular misbelief about hydraulic cylinders is that
if the piston seal is leaking, the cylinder can creep down.

Fact is, if the piston seal is completely removed from a
double-acting cylinder, the cylinder is completely filled
with oil and the ports are plugged, the cylinder will hold
its load indefinitely - unless the rod-seal leaks.

What happens under these conditions - due to the unequal
volume either side of the piston, is fluid pressure equalizes
and the cylinder becomes hydraulically locked. Once this occurs,
the only way the cylinder can move is if fluid escapes from
the cylinder via the rod seal or its ports.

If you grasp the theory at work here, you'll probably realize
there are a couple of exceptions. The first is a double-rod
cylinder - where volume is equal on both sides of the piston.

And the second is when a load is hanging on a double-acting
cylinder. In this arrangement, the volume of pressurized fluid
on the rod side can be accommodated on the piston side.
In this case a vacuum will develop on the piston side and
depending on the weight of the load, this may eventually
result in equilibrium that arrests further creep.

For more on these and many other hydraulics tips,
point your browser to:
http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/technical.html

Yours for better hydraulics knowledge,

Brendan Casey
Author of 'Insider Secrets to Hydraulics'; and
'Preventing Hydraulic Failures'.

=======================================

==========

HydraulicSupermarket.com
1195 Hay St
PO Box 1029
West Perth, WA 6872
Australia
6 (189) 380-6659

Delivered By Infusionsoft

Air, five popular myths about hydraulics

2010-07-30T22:15:00.001-07:00

Hello again Air,

In this and your next few hydraulic maintenance emails,
I'm going to explode five popular myths.
Now, you may believe one or more of these to be true.
So what I have to say will likely challenge your thinking
on these issues. But all I ask is you keep an open mind.

With that said, here's the first untruth...

Myth #1. Hydraulic pump inlet lines must have a strainer.

A pump inlet or suction strainer is a 140 micron, mesh screen
which is screwed onto the pump intake penetration inside the
hydraulic reservoir.

These stainers increase the chances of cavitation occurring
in the intake line and subsequent damage to, and failure of
the hydraulic pump. Piston-type pumps are particularly vulnerable.

If the reservoir starts out clean and all fluid returning
to the reservoir is filtered, inlet strainers are not required
since the hydraulic fluid will not contain particles large enough
to be captured by a coarse mesh screen.

The main argument for istalling suction strainers is to protect
the pump from debris that enter the reservoir as a result of
careless maintenance practices.

Fact is, nuts, bolts, tools and similar debris pose minimal threat
to the pump in a properly designed reservoir, where the pump intake
is located a minimum of four inches off the bottom.

When you consider the damage that vacuum-induced cavitation can
cause to a hydraulic pump, NOT installing a suction strainer is
definitely the lesser of two evils.

I generally recommend removing and discarding all filters fitted
to pump intake lines. But you don't have to take my word for it.
If in doubt, consult the hydraulic pump manufacturer.

For more on these and many other hydraulics tips,
point your browser to:
http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/technical.html

Yours for better hydraulics knowledge,

Brendan Casey
Author of 'Insider Secrets to Hydraulics'; and
'Preventing Hydraulic Failures'.

=======================================

==========

HydraulicSupermarket.com
1195 Hay St
PO Box 1029
West Perth, WA 6872
Australia
6 (189) 380-6659

Delivered By Infusionsoft

Air, this situation is no longer sustainable

2010-07-27T06:48:00.001-07:00

Air,

There's no genius in dumping oil
or changing hydraulic components
until a problem goes away.

Anybody can do that.

But the skilled specialist who can
keep a complex hydraulic machine running
reliably and 'on the smell of an oily rag'
is much, much harder to find.

Which is why they are highly valued
and sought after. Even more so
this year than last.

In fact, times have never been better
for the skilled hydraulics specialist.

How can I make this statement
with such confidence
in these uncertain times?

Because just about every hydraulic equipment
operating environment I've ever seen is
'a land of the blind'. I'd be hard pressed
to look at any hydraulic installation
and not be able to find, within 15 minutes,
significant holes through which
a meaningful amount of money is escaping.

This MAY have been sustainable when
the economy was going like gangbusters.

But not now.

So the present value of 'all-round'
hydraulics expertise:
-how-it-works,
-troubleshooting,
-repair
-AND maintenance
IS real AND plain to see.

But getting and keeping on top off all this
stuff is NOT a one-time event.

It's an ongoing challenge.

And this is the reason for
my latest initiative.

To be frank, it may not be for you, Air.

But to make it real easy for you
to decide one way or the other,
you can take it for a full-throttle
'test-drive' for just $1.

But you'll need to be quick;
http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/pro

Yours for better hydraulics knowledge,

Brendan Casey

=========

HydraulicSupermarket.com
1195 Hay St
PO Box 1029
West Perth, WA 6872
Australia
6 (189) 380-6659

Delivered By Infusionsoft

Air, some important truths about hydraulic hose and fittings

2010-07-24T22:57:00.001-07:00

Hello again Air,

In your last hydraulic maintenance email, I wrote about
the tangible, bottom-line benefits of maintaining hydraulic
plumbing to eliminate leaks.

Ideally, this begins with connector selection.
NPT is the least reliable type of connector for high-pressure
hydraulic systems because the thread itself provides a leak path.
The threads are deformed when tightened and as a result, any
subsequent loosening or tightening increases the potential for
leaks.

Replacing pipe thread connections with soft seal connections
such as UNO or BSPP greatly improves 'no-leak' reliability.

In the case of hoses, manufacturers estimate that
80% of hose failures are attributable to external physical damage
through stretching, kinking, crushing or abrasion of the hose.

To prevent hose damage, ensure all clamps are kept secure,
pay careful attention to routing whenever a replacement hose
is installed and if necessary, apply inexpensive
polyethylene spiral wrap to protect hoses from abrasion.

For more on these and many more hydraulics tips,
point your browser to:
http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/technical.html

Yours for better hydraulics knowledge,

Brendan Casey
Author of 'Insider Secrets to Hydraulics'; and
'Preventing Hydraulic Failures'.

=======================================

==========

HydraulicSupermarket.com
1195 Hay St
PO Box 1029
West Perth, WA 6872
Australia
6 (189) 380-6659

Delivered By Infusionsoft

Air, it's better to exclude dirt than try and remove it later

2010-07-18T22:22:00.001-07:00

Hi Air,

In your last hydraulic maintenance email, I wrote about what
I consider to be THE most important component of every
hydraulic system - the oil, and the importance of
taking care of it.

One of these is to control contamination. Studies have shown
that it costs 10 times more to extract contaminants
from hydraulic fluid than it does to exclude them
in the first place.

Three common points of contaminant ingression are:

1. Reservoir breather.

Standard filler-cap breathers fitted to the majority of hydraulic
reservoirs are not effective in preventing ingression of airborne
contaminants. All air entering the reservoir should be adequately
filtered. In damp environments (e.g. marine applications, tropical
climates) desiccant breathers are essential to prevent the
ingression of airborne moisture.

2. Cylinders.

Worn or damaged rod-wiper seals and pitted or gouged cylinder rods
give dust and other contaminants an easy path into the system.
Fitting rod protectors (bellows) to cylinders operating in abrasive
or corrosive environments can extend rod and wiper seal life and
provides an extra barrier to the ingression of contaminants via
the cylinder rod.

3. Plumbing.

Where fluid leaks out, contamination can get in. The immediate
rectification of hydraulic system leaks not only minimizes the
cost of clean-up, disposal and replacement fluid, it also saves
the hidden cost of removing ingested contaminants.

For more on these and many more hydraulics tips,
point your browser to:
http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/technical.html

Yours for better hydraulics knowledge,

Brendan Casey
Author of 'Insider Secrets to Hydraulics'; and
'Preventing Hydraulic Failures'.

=======================================

==========

HydraulicSupermarket.com
1195 Hay St
PO Box 1029
West Perth, WA 6872
Australia
6 (189) 380-6659

Delivered By Infusionsoft

Air, the most important component of every hydraulic system

2010-07-14T22:59:00.001-07:00

Hello again Air,

Here's four quick tips for you to get the most
out of THE most important component
of every hydraulic system - the oil:

1. Don't change the oil - filter it.

Water or particle contamination rarely necessitates an oil change
- unless the contamination has resulted in additive depletion or
base oil degradation. These contaminants can be removed from
hydraulic fluid by filtration.

2. Eliminate particle contamination to reduce breakdowns...

Research has shown that maintaining fluid cleanliness at ISO 4406
16/14/11 will result in a tenfold increase in the average time
between breakdowns when compared with a fluid cleanliness level
of 24/22/19. This is based on the findings of a three-year study of
117 mobile and industrial hydraulic machines to determine the
correlation between fluid cleanliness and breakdown frequency.

3. ...And extend fluid life.

Particle contamination reduces the service life of hydraulic oil
by stripping additives and promoting oxidation. Additives attach
to particles, which are then removed by the filters or settle to
the bottom of the reservoir. Wear metal caused by particle
abrasion is a catalyst for fluid oxidation.

4. Keep it cool.

Elevated operating temperatures increase the rate at which the
oil oxidizes and this decreases its service life. By-products
of the oil oxidation process - varnish and sludge, can cause
reliability issues such as valve spool stiction and
filter clogging.

For more on these and many more hydraulics tips,
point your browser to:
http://www.hydraulicsupermarket.com/technical.html

Yours for better hydraulics knowledge,

Brendan Casey
Author of 'Insider Secrets to Hydraulics'; and
'Preventing Hydraulic Failures'.

=======================================

==========

HydraulicSupermarket.com
1195 Hay St
PO Box 1029
West Perth, WA 6872
Australia
6 (189) 380-6659

Delivered By Infusionsoft

Ingersoll Rand 2135TIMAX

2010-07-13T05:16:00.000-07:00

1/2" Titanium Duty Air Impactool™

Features

The 2135Ti set the standard for performance with the best power to weight ratio on the market in its class. The new 2135TiMAX raises the bar with 780 ft. lbs still at only 3.95 lbs. The new design includes enhanced controls for even greater comfort and convenience.

780 ft-lbs max power in reverse from a tool weighing just 3.95 lbs, make it the best power-to-weight ratio in its class
New professional touch trigger, a wider range of power regulator settings in forward, and our patented push button fwd/rev provide maximum control
MAX Reliability, tool is designed to last and is backed by a FREE two-year limited warranty

Specifications

Manufacturer's SKU	2135TIMAX
Manufacturer	Ingersoll Rand
Shipping Weight	4.0000
Condition	New
Manufacturers Warranty	1 Year
Return Policy	Unopened Only, 30 Days
Addl Specs	Drive: 1/2 Inch Max Torque: 780 Foot-Pounds (Reverse) NBT: 1,100 Foot-Pounds Forward Torque Range: 50-550 Foot-Pounds Blows per Minute: 1,250 BPM Free Speed: 9,800 RPM Sound Pressure: 109.2 dBA (Free Speed) Net Weight: 3.95 Pounds Overall Length: 7-3/5 Inches Average Air Consumption: 5 cfm Air Inlet: 1/4 Inch Min. Hose Size: 3/8 Inch

Basic Hydraulic Systems and Components

2010-07-13T05:08:00.000-07:00

I was asked recently to investigate and solve an overheating problem in a mobile hydraulics application. The hydraulic system comprised a diesel-hydraulic power unit, which was being used to power a pipe-cutting saw. The saw was designed for sub-sea use and was connected to the hydraulic power unit on the surface via a 710-foot umbilical. The operating requirements for the saw were 24 gpm at 3000 psi.

Why do hydraulic systems overheat?

Heating of hydraulic fluid in operation is caused by inefficiencies. Inefficiencies result in losses of input power, which are converted to heat. A hydraulic system's heat load is equal to the total power lost (PL) through inefficiencies and can be expressed as:

PLtotal = PLpump + PLvalves + PLplumbing + PLactuators

If the total input power lost to heat is greater than the heat dissipated, the hydraulic system will eventually overheat.

Hydraulic fluid temperature - how hot is 'too hot'?

Hydraulic fluid temperatures above 180°F (82°C) damage most seal compounds and accelerate degradation of the oil. While the operation of any hydraulic system at temperatures above 180°F should be avoided, fluid temperature is too high when viscosity falls below the optimum value for the hydraulic system's components. This can occur well below 180°F, depending on the fluid's viscosity grade.

Maintaining stable hydraulic fluid temperature

To achieve stable fluid temperature, a hydraulic system's capacity to dissipate heat must exceed its inherent heat load. For example, a system with continuous input power of 100 kW and an efficiency of 80% needs to be capable of dissipating a heat load of at least 20 kW. It's important to note that an increase in heat load or a reduction in a hydraulic system's capacity to dissipate heat will alter the balance between heat load and dissipation.

Returning to the above example, the hydraulic power unit had a continuous power rating of 37 kW and was fitted with an air-blast heat exchanger. The exchanger was capable of dissipating 10 kW of heat under ambient conditions or 27% of available input power (10/37 x 100 = 27). This is adequate from a design perspective. The performance of all cooling circuit components were operating within design limits.

Pressure drop means heat

At this point it was clear that the overheating problem was being caused by excessive heat load. Concerned about the length of the umbilical, I calculated its pressure drop. The theoretical pressure drop across 710 feet of ¾" pressure hose at 24 gpm is 800 psi. The pressure drop across the same length of 1" return hose is 200 psi. The formula for these calculations is available here. The theoretical heat load produced by the pressure drop across the umbilical of 1,000 psi (800 + 200 = 1000) was 10.35 kW. The formula for this calculation is available here.

This meant that the heat load of the umbilical was 0.35 kW more than the heat dissipation capacity of the hydraulic system's heat exchanger. This, when combined with the system's normal heat load (inefficiencies) was causing the hydraulic system to overheat.

Beat the heat

There are two ways to solve overheating problems in hydraulic systems:

decrease heat load; or

increase heat dissipation.

Decreasing heat load is always the preferred option because it increases the efficiency of the hydraulic system. In the above example, the heat load of the umbilical alone was nearly 30% of available input power, a figure that would normally be considered unacceptable. Decreasing this heat load to an acceptable level would have involved reducing the pressure drop, by replacing the pressure and return lines in the umbilical with larger diameter hoses. The cost of doing this for what was a temporary installation meant that, in this case, the most economical solution was to install additional cooling capacity in the circuit

Continuing to operate a hydraulic system when the fluid is over-temperature is similar to operating an internal combustion engine with high coolant temperature. Damage is guaranteed. Therefore, whenever a hydraulic system starts to overheat, shut it down, identify the cause and fix it.

Texas Pneumatic Tool Highlights

2010-07-07T06:44:00.001-07:00

Texas Pneumatic is celebrating its 30th year in business. Our dedication to quality tools and parts, value pricing and fastest response time help to separate us from the competition.

Current Highlights

We offer 6, 8, and 11 inch stroke rivet busters with a safety bridge to keep the piston in the tool even with the retainer removed. These tools can be purchased with either a “D” style handle that has an inside trigger or a goose neck handle with outside trigger.
We now have two sizes of jet fans to choose from. The industry leading 20 inch and the new 24 inch units offer the highest flow rates and best quality on the market.
Keeping your air tools well lubricated will help you reduce repair and maintenance costs. Texas Pneumatic has four sizes for straight lubrication, two sizes of filter/lubricator combinations for particulate removal, and two sizes of constant feed lubricators. We also have many standard hose whip combinations that include these lubricators or we can custom make hose whips to your specification.

Do you have a customer that needs a custom chisel?

Let us try to produce it with our in-house forging department.

Do you have a current catalog showing all of our new products?

Please tell your customer service representative to include one with your next order.

Do you have a need for portable compressed air distribution?

We have four sizes of manifolds to fit your needs, and any of them can be configured with your specific air connectors.

How to Extract Stuck Screws

2010-07-05T10:24:00.000-07:00

filter cover off you need to remove three cross-head screws. You apply your trusty $1.89 K-Mart screwdriver to the first screw, and turn. The screwdriver slips out, so you try again, pushing harder. It slips out again, rounding the screw head a little. But you've got your trusty Vice-Grips in the tool box, so you clamp them onto the screwdriver's shank and really bear down on the screwdriver... this time stripping the head completely. Arrrgh!

If you've worked on bikes at all you're probably nodding your head right about now, saying "yeah, I did something like that." Bikes today have higher-quality fasteners than they did 10 or 20 years ago, but still the various forces of entropy conspire to stick fasteners together a little stronger than they're designed for. If you've worked on bikes at all you're probably nodding your head right about now, saying "yeah, I did something like that."
Here's a guide to un-sticking stuck fasteners. If you've worked on bikes at all you're probably nodding your head right about now, saying "yeah, I did something like that."

Impact Driver
The best remedy for a stuck screw, or one whose head has been stripped, is the impact screwdriver. An impact screwdriver is essentially two weights held apart by a spring. The bottom one holds screwdriver bits. You smack the top one with a hammer. In between them is a spring and a circular ramp. The ramp makes the bottom weight with the bit in it turn. So when you hit the top weight, giving it momentum, it compresses the spring and hits the ramp which turns the screwdriver-bit-holding bottom weight. The beauty of the design is that the force you impart to the impact wrench by hitting it with the hammer is forced into the screw, helping the screwdriver bit bite into the screw head (or what's left of it). Most impact drivers will let you set them for left and right turning, to loosen or tighten screws.

The high-quality, hardened screwdriver bits that come with impact drivers usually fit the screw heads much better than even the best screwdrivers, which helps all by itself. So at the first sign of a recalcitrant Phillips head screw, reach for the impact driver! Impact drivers are commonly available and cost about 15 (American) dollars - check your local auto supply store.

Some cheap impact drivers have (relatively) stiff springs which require a heavy hammer to compress and get the ramps to turn the bit. Be warned that the force needed may be damaging to the assembly in which the screw is stuck, or may be difficult to counteract on an awkward piece. These impact drivers can benefit from being disassembled and having the springs shortened slightly (no more than 25 percent) to reduce the spring preload. After this modification the driver will not require as much force but may not work quite as well on really badly buggered screws.

Screw Extractor

When an impact driver can't remove a screw, or there's not enough of the screw protruding to grip, the next step is to drill off the screw's head and then use a screw extractor.

Screw extractor bits are made of very hard metal, so they are very brittle. It is very easy to break one off inside the screw. When that happens you are screwed...

A screw extractor is a very hard reverse-thread bit. You drill a hole into the screw, then carefully tap the proper extractor (which has a smaller initial diameter than the hole, and quickly flares out) into the hole, and use it to twist out what is left of the screw. The reverse flutes on the extractor cause it to bite harder into the metal of the screw as you put more force on it. Screw extractor bits are made of very hard metal, so they are very brittle. It is very easy to break one off inside the screw. When that happens you are screwed (sorry for the pun)- the extractor metal is harder than any drill bit, so you can't drill it out. The only recourse will be EDM (see below). To turn the extractor you should use a tap handle commonly used to turn threading taps. The screw extractor has a square end to fit into the tap handle. Using a regular wrench to turn the extractor is almost guaranteed to break it.

You should be very careful when drilling the hole in the screw. Obviously you don't want to drill into the material surrounding the screw, so be careful to line up the drill in the center of the screw. Use a drill press if you have one and the part is small enough that you can set it up solidly in the press. Drill slowly and stop often to check your progress. Drill a small pilot-hole first, using a punch to mark the spot before you start drilling.

Many times, drilling the hole in the screw will be enough to loosen it as the pressure is released, and you will be able to ease it out with little force on the extractor.

Drilling out screws

If that doesn't work, the next option, depending on the design of the cover that the screw holds down, is to drill out the screw head completely. Often times, removing the head of the screw releases the pressure of holding two parts together, and again will come out easily, unless of course it is rusted or frozen. In this case, if there is enough of the screw-shank sticking out after the cover's removed to let you file flats on it, use locking pliers to turn it.

Use a drill bit that is just large enough to take out the screw's head; it should be slightly larger than the shank of the screw so that when you drill through the head and get to the shank the head will come completely off. Obviously you need to have the hole exactly centered to do this without touching the surrounding material. If the buggered screw head is irregular this is difficult to do with a hand-held drill, as the drill will catch on the protruding bits and go off-center. You may be able to even out the screw head with a small file or a pointed grinding-stone in a dremel-tool (small high-speed hand-held grinder) then center-punch and drill.

Other Methods

Sometimes you can grasp the head of a screw with a pair of locking pliers and use their better grip to get enough torque on it to get it started. Or you can carefully file flats in what's left of the head, or on the threaded portion itself if it protrudes.T his obviously will require that the screw be replaced after it's removed, but it can help you to get it out so it can be replaced.

A couple of tricks for short screws: you can heat the screw with a torch. Often heating and cooling threads loosens them. If the screw is held in with a locking agent (e.g."LockTite") heat will destroy the bond and make it easier to remove. You need to be able to heat the threaded part of the screw; long screws with their threads deep inside the engine cases will not be affected by heating the screw head. Don't use anything stronger than a propane torch; an oxy-acetylene torch can burn through a set of aluminum cases in short order. Even with a propane torch, don't hold the torch on one section of the cases for more than a second, play it around a small area near the screw. Don't heat the cases too hot; hot enough to sizzle when a drop of water is put on them is hot enough.

A second trick is to use a dremel-tool to grind a flat on the periphery of the screw head, and then use a hammer and punch on the flat to turn the screw. This works on the tiny short screws sometimes used to hold gear box bearings into crank cases.

Stuck Nuts and Bolts

Bolts get stuck just like screws do, the difference is that bolt heads are usually sturdier so rounding off the head is not so much of a problem.

If you do round off a bolt head the methods to remove it are similar to the ones used to remove screws.

However the usual problem is that you just can't turn the bolt. The first thing to try is more leverage. If you're using a sturdy breaker-bar for sockets you can slip a length of water pipe over it to use as a cheater bar. A regular ratchet handle isn't up to the stress that you can generate this way. For nuts and bolts over 13mm you should use a 1/2" drive bar.

With a long cheater bar the limit to how much force you can apply is determined by what it takes to move the entire assembly. For instance to remove the rotor nut from an RZ350 crankshaft, a four foot cheater bar is required. If the engine is out of the bike you will need to strap it to your workbench and get a friend to help hold it and the workbench in place.

Impact Wrench

One caution, an impact wrench shouldn't be used to tighten nuts or bolts on motorcycles (except perhaps those RZ350 rotor nuts) as their torque settings, if they exist at all, are very approximate. It's easy to over-tighten a nut or bolt with an impact wrench.
An alternative to cheater bars is an impact wrench. These are available in both air-driven and electric models. The air-driven type is what the local car tire shop uses to remove car wheels. Impact wrenches work by using air or an electric motor to turn a rotating weight which slams repeatedly into a lever connected to the socket drive. Since they hammer the socket drive around a small step at a time, there is very little torque reaction, so it doesn't take much effort to prevent the shaft that the nut or bolt is attached to from turning. Most 1/2 inch drive impact wrenches can deliver 75 ft-lbs of torque or more. Air impact wrenches cost from 35 dollars up and require an air compressor. Electric impact wrenches cost more, they start at 80 dollars, but do not require air. They're useful for racers who compete at tracks with electrical outlets in the pit area.

One caution, an impact wrench shouldn't be used to tighten nuts or bolts on motorcycles (except perhaps those RZ350 rotor nuts) as their torque settings, if they exist at all, are very approximate. It's easy to over-tighten a nut or bolt with an impact wrench.

Desperate Measures

Another way to remove stuck nuts is to use a nut splitter. It's not as painful as it sounds. A nut splitter is a steel collar which slips around the nut. One side of the collar has a hard steel wedge which is driven into the nut to split it by turning a bolt on the side of the collar. These are only needed to remove really badly rusted nuts, usually on the under carriage of cars. Their use on motorcycles is rare, but if you have a nut that's hopeless and can't be removed any other way you should be aware that this tool exists.

Another option is a small cutting wheel in a dremel-tool. It will spray hot sparks and bits of grit all over, and will generate a lot of heat, but it can cut through the ugliest frozen nut... if you can get to it. If it's buried deep inside aluminum cases, there's one last possibility: EDM.

EDM

The Option of Last Resort is Electrical-Discharge Machining.

EDM can be used to electrically machine a hopelessly stuck steel bolt or screw out of aluminum cases or heads. The equipment is not generally available in the home workshop; you will need to take the entire assembly to a shop that does EDM. Certain hard-core home shop fanatics have constructed home EDM machines of varying capacities, and plans for them do exist, but given the infrequent usage for motorcycle mechanics it is more economical to farm out the work.

EDM, also called spark erosion, uses an electric spark to remove metal. An electrode is moved close to the work piece and sparks are repeatedly struck between the two. The gap has to be controlled very closely, so EDM machines are electrically controlled. EDM can machine to fine tolerances, but the closer the tolerance, the slower the machining.

EDM is becoming more popular and available. If you've broken off a stud inside your cases, it might cost 50 dollars to get someone to use EDM to remove it. You will probably need to drill out the remains of the stud and use a thread insert ("heli coil") in that hole, but if it saves a 500-dollar set of crank cases you're still way ahead.

http://www.huphong.com.sg/

2010-06-20T09:17:00.000-07:00

World-of-Machinery.com

As an importer and exporter of a wide range of machinery and technical equipments, we have enjoyed a very good reputation in the industry for over 30 years, since our establishment in the year 1972. We truly appreciate all our suppliers and customers for their continuous trust, valuable support, as well as precious advices that have helped us achieve this mark in our area of trade.

Efficient and prompt after-sales service has given us a competitive edge in todays fast pace business environment. Our customers portfolio spread across industries in Asean Region, which includes:

Metal and Woodworking Industries, Technical Institutions, Government Sectors, Building Construction and Renovation, Ship-Building and Oil Rig Industries, Quality Control Sectors, Automotive Repair Services, General Hardware Suppliers and many others.

Our experience with machinery and technical equipments over the years has taught us the way to discern inferior products from quality products. These products are imported from Europe, Japan, USA, Taiwan, China, Korea and many other countries.

We hope this website is useful in assisting you in selecting your required machinery and tools. If your required item does not appear in this website, you are welcome to contact our sales personnel or email us, who are most willing to provide you with more information at any time.

You are welcome to visit our showroom and be rest assured of a fruitful and satisfying trip.

Our Product Range :

• Air Compressors

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Screw Driver (14,000 rpm)

2010-06-16T07:11:00.000-07:00

Description
Air Screw Driver (14,000 rpm) Air Screw Driver (14,000 RPM)
Specification
Capacity : 4.0 ~ 5.0 mm Hex Shank Size : 1/4" (6.35 mm) Mechanism : Impact Free Speed : 14,000 rpm Air Inlet : 1/4" Air Cons. : 1.20 m3/min Hose Size : 6.5 mm Length : 165 mm Net Weight : 0.54 kg Air Pressure : 90 psi Sound Pressure : 84 dBA Packing : 20 pcs/1.1 cu.ft/G:13 kgs
Applications
Ideal for wood screws,wall boards,setting aluminum windows and doors, and assembly line work.For carpenters use, electric factory, setting factory and other kinds of setting use.

Features

1. Small body,light weight and little vibration.
2. Lever throttle for feathering control.
3. 1/4" hex female quick change chuck and spring loaded clutch.
4. Adjustable clutch units offer operator controlled torque.
5. 14,000 r.p.m. free speed.

Steam Trap Testing & Maintenance

2010-05-25T07:18:00.000-07:00

Description

When steam traps leak or fail, it can be extremely costly in terms of product quality, safety and energy loss. There are great differences in the way particular steam traps work (for example, inverted bucket trap versus float and thermostatic trap). The UltraProbe makes it easy to adjust for these differences and readily determine operating conditions while steam traps are on-line.

How Ultrasonic Leak Detection Works

Steam traps can either be defined as continuous (or modulating continuous) flow and on-off types. UE Systems’ Ultraprobe series helps an inspector readily identify the trap operation in all types of environments.

Inspectors can choose from simple “point and shoot” analog instruments to sophisticated digital instruments with on-board sound recording and data logging features. UE Systems unique frequency tuning feature enables users to literally tune into the trap sound and clearly identify leaking or blowing traps.

Leak Detection Method

Inspection methods vary depending on the type of steam trap. Therefore the primary rule is to know the details of your system, for example the way a specific trap may work under specific conditions. In order to determine trap condition such as leakage or blockage: touch upstream of the steam trap and reduce the sensitivity of the instrument until the meter/display panel reads about 50% of scale. If the instrument has frequency tuning, you may also use this feature to hear the trap sound quality more clearly. Simply tune the frequency (usually 25 kHz) until the sound you would expect to hear becomes clear. It's that simple.

Next, touch downstream of the steam trap and compare intensity levels. If the sound is louder down stream, the fluid is passing through. If the sound level is low, the trap is closed. Ultrasonic steam trap inspection is considered a "positive" test in that an operator can instantly identify sound quality and intensity differentials and thereby determine operating condition accurately. A steam trap troubleshooting guide is available from the factory upon request.

A steam trap troubleshooting guide is available from the factory upon request.

Valve Testing Instruments

2010-05-24T07:17:00.000-07:00

DESCRIPTION

When valves leak or fail, it can be extremely costly in terms of product quality, safety and energy loss. Valve operation effects the way fluids will flow through a system. There are great differences in the way particular valves work (for example, control valve versus safety valve). The UltraProbe makes it easy to adjust for these differences and readily determine operating conditions while valves are on-line.

How Ultrasonic Leak Detection works

As fluid moves from the high pressure side of a valve through the seat to the low pressure side, it produces turbulence. This turbulence generates ultrasound which is detected by the Ultraprobe and translated, via heterodyning, down into the audible range. The translated ultrasounds are heard through headphones and seen as intensity increments, usually decibels on a display panel. High frequency tuning allows users to adjust for differences in fluid viscosity (i.e. water vs. steam) and reduce any interference from stray pipe noises.

Leak Detection Method

Inspection methods vary depending on the type of valve. Therefore the primary rule is to know the details of your system, for example the way a specific valve may work under specific conditions. In order to determine valve condition such as leakage or blockage: touch upstream of the valve and reduce the sensitivity of the instrument until the meter/display panel reads about 50% of scale. If the instrument has frequency tuning, you may also use this feature to hear the valve sound quality more clearly. Simply tune the frequency (usually 25 kHz) until the sound you would expect to hear becomes clear. It's that simple.

Next, touch downstream of the valve and compare intensity levels. If the sound is louder down stream, the fluid is passing through. If the sound level is low, the valve is closed. Ultrasonic valve inspection is considered a "positive" test in that an operator can instantly identify sound quality and intensity differentials and thereby determine operating condition accurately.